Behaviorism vs. Traditionalism and Neorealism in International Relations
Behaviorism vs. Traditional Approach (liberalism and realism):
From the ’50s phenomenon x administrative interest. Public finance studies n d IRIB. No U.S. Funds contribution. New generation IRIB studies. Before they were humanists, s placed n the skin of people made decisions k x to explain it was d normative and moral. K is considered this was not serious and begins the behaviorist revolution.
Behaviorism: methodological revolution. Human Sciences = positive science. Are applying the positive
Decolonization: The Process of Independence in Former Colonies
- **1.1. What Was Decolonization?**
Decolonization was the process that created politically independent states in the territories of the former colonies (in Asia and Africa). It developed during the 20th century after the Second World War and the Conference of Bandung in 1955.
• In April 1955, representatives from twenty-nine governments of Asian and African nations gathered in Bandung, Indonesia, to discuss peace and the role of the Third World in the Cold War, economic development, and decolonization.
Decolonization and the Emergence of the Third World
Decolonization
Causes
- The Second World War: The war directly affected the colonies, as the forced mobilization of men and resources for the Allies increased unrest. Furthermore, many colonies in Africa and Asia were occupied by Germany and Japan, which highlighted the weakness of the metropoles (Britain, France, the Netherlands…). The resources needed to maintain very expensive empires were too high. By 1945, the old colonial powers had lost international influence to the United States and USSR.
The Cold War and Spain’s Transition to Democracy
The Bisagra Decade: The 1950s in Spain
During the Cold War, Spain, under Franco’s rule, became an ally of capitalist countries, particularly the United States. This marked a shift away from the regime’s initial fascist origins and its support for communism.
Key Events:
- 1950: Spain began to join international organizations.
- 1953:
- An agreement between the US and Spain allowed for the construction of four American military bases in exchange for economic aid.
- The Vatican Concordat solidified the alliance
The Rise and Fall of Great Empires: Mughals, Ottomans, Safavids, and More
The Mughal Empire
Expansion of Muslim Rule in India
The Mughal Empire was founded by Muslims who established a powerful presence in India. Babur, the first Mughal emperor, played a pivotal role in expanding Muslim rule throughout the region.
Economic Policies and Religious Tolerance
Babur abolished taxes that hindered commercial growth within the empire, including the jizya, a tax imposed on non-Muslims. This policy fostered economic development and promoted religious tolerance.
The Sikh Religion
During
Read MoreIdealism vs. Realism in International Relations: A Historical Analysis
Idealism vs. Realism:
With the end of the 1st GM Europe is sunken and from year 19 the 1st world power is the United States. Context of perceived decline of Europe makes you see the power and fascination of Europe to the U.S.. X industrial prod, U.S. Military capabilities … S superior. The deep decline of Europe and the U.S. Makes k Wilsonian idealism is the last alternative.
Wilson’s basic idea of democracy as a fundamental and liberalism in trade. L liberal trade Xa s the basis of peace. In