Key Figures in the History of Socialism and Economics
Key Figures in Socialism and Economics
Utopian socialist Robert Owen (1771-1858) is considered the father of cooperativism. He defended the possibility of developing an alternative economic system based on cooperation. His approach sought to replace the capitalist system with a more just one to avoid the problems that plagued Britain.
Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883) was a German philosopher, historian, sociologist, economist, writer, and socialist thinker. He is considered the father and theorist of
Read MoreKey Actors in Global Governance and International Relations
Understanding Global Governance
The decline of nation-states has arguably given rise to three forms of governance:
- Governance without government: Many matters are managed within nation-states without the direct involvement of state governments. Locales and regions within nation-states may manage themselves.
- Governance through public policy networks: This involves governance by various international institutions, International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs), and private sector organizations.
Centralized vs. Decentralized Education Systems & Key Influences
Decentralized Education Systems
In some countries, the responsibility of government is decentralized. Decisions, such as the control of implementation agencies, depend on the school, the real executor of the system. Technical planning measures and resource allocation are handled by these bodies, guided only by constitutional foundations and general guidelines for national education.
Benefits
- Allows for greater citizen participation in school life.
- Enables a real accommodation of the system to adopted
Political Science: Variables, Indicators, and Analysis
Variables and Indicators in Political Science
I. Types of Variables
- Qualitative
- Quantitative
II. Variable Characteristics
- Continuous
- Discrete
III. Variable Relationships
- Independent
- Dependent
- Intermediate
IV. Variable Classification
- Explanatory
- External
Indicators
Variables are sub-determinants.
Types of Relationships
Politics: Power, Authority, Public Service
Economy: Production, Distribution, Resource Management
Political Roles
Man as a Political Animal
Cosmos nucleates, Organizers, Think.
Political Forces
Individuals:
Read MoreSpain’s Global Standing: Influence, Relationships, and Challenges
Spain’s Global Standing
During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Spain’s international influence declined due to the loss of its settlements, technological and economic isolation. Since joining the EU, Spain’s role in the world has increased.
Spain’s External Relations: Two Key Aspects
- Participation in International Organizations: Since 1975, Spain has increased its participation in organizations promoting peace, economic development, defense, and solidarity. Key organizations include:
- UN
Nietzsche’s “Ecce Homo”: Philosophy, Influences, and Context
Nietzsche: A Deep Dive
The text we are working with, “Ecce Homo,” is part of a book by Nietzsche. He was a 19th-century author.
Nietzsche was born in Röcken and died at the end of the 20th century. He suffered from physical and mental illness.
Nietzsche studied at Pforta for his secondary education. The main themes of his philosophy were against classicism and religion.
He began studying at the University of Bonn but later moved to the University of Leipzig at the age of 24. He was appointed Professor
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