Admissibility of Confessions and Discovery Statements (Evidence Act S. 30 & S. 27)
Section 30: Confession of a Co-Accused in Joint Trials
When more persons than one are being tried jointly for the same offence, and a confession made by one of those persons affecting himself and some other of those persons is proved, the court may take into consideration the confession as against the other person as well as against the person who makes the confession.
Explanation of “Offence”
“Offence” as used in this section includes the abetment of or attempt to commit the offence.
Illustrations
Read MoreEffective Language Teaching Methods and Approaches
Grammar-Translation Method
This method is strongly focused on reading, writing, and the study of grammar. Students learn the language mainly through translations and the memorization of vocabulary lists. Grammar is explained in the mother tongue and accuracy is the priority, while speaking and pronunciation receive almost no attention.
- Ways and means: Typical activities include translating sentences or full texts, learning vocabulary lists with their meanings, completing written grammar exercises,
Cost Accounting Methods: Inter-process Profit and Inventory Valuation
Inter-process Profit and Its Treatment
Process costing is used in industries where production is continuous and passes through successive processes such as chemicals, textiles, petroleum, paper, or food processing. In such industries, the output of one process becomes the input of the next process. When this transfer of output takes place at a price above cost, the difference is called Inter-process Profit.
Meaning of Inter-process Profit
Inter-process profit refers to the practice of charging the
Read MoreKey Performance Areas in Production Systems
1. Adaptive Production
The ability of the production system to effectively and efficiently respond to changing situations, including:
- Changes in products
- Changes in machinery
- Changes in processes
- Changes in transport and storage of materials
- Changes in the organizational structure and in the role of HR
2. Operating Cost Effectiveness
The ability of the production system to leverage HR talent and maintain competitive salary levels. An organization can achieve operating cost effectiveness through:
- A low productive
Balancing University and Work: Student Finance Strategies
Formal Complaint: Faulty Laptop Purchase
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my strong dissatisfaction with the laptop I purchased from your online store on November 25th. Although the delivery was prompt, I was extremely disappointed to discover that the equipment is clearly not up to standard.
Detailed Issues and Malfunctions
Upon unboxing the device, I noticed two significant issues:
- Visible Scratch: The screen has a visible scratch in the top corner, which suggests the unit might be refurbished
Algorithm Complexity and Data Structure Fundamentals Q&A
1. What is recurrence for worst case of QuickSort and what is the time complexity in Worst case?
Recurrence is T(n) = T(n-1) + O(n) and time complexity is O(n^2)
2. Suppose we have a O(n)
time algorithm that finds median of an unsorted array. Now consider a QuickSort implementation where we first find median using the above algorithm, then use median as pivot. What will be the worst case time complexity of this modified QuickSort.
O(nLogn)
3. Given an unsorted array. The array has this property
Read MoreC Language Operators, Expressions, and Control Flow
C Operators and Expressions Fundamentals
Understanding C operators and expressions is crucial. This section details the different types of operators, their hierarchy, and expression evaluation rules.
Operators and Expressions Defined
An operator is a symbol that instructs the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations. An expression is a combination of operators, constants, and variables that resolves to a single value.
1. Primary Operator Types
A. Arithmetic Operators
These are
Read MoreClimate Change, Ozone Layer and Sustainable Development Solutions
Climate Change, Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect
The concepts of climate change, global warming, the greenhouse effect, and ozone depletion are fundamental to understanding the current state of our global environment and the imperative for sustainable development.
🌡️ Climate Change and Global Warming
Climate change refers to a long-term shift in the average weather conditions of a region or the Earth as a whole. This includes changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, and wind patterns.
Read MoreModernism and Vanguard Movements in Hispanic Literature
Modernism in Hispanic Literature
Modernism: In the late nineteenth century, this movement emerged from a general crisis since people lost confidence in progress, and it was reflected in artistic and cultural development within the field known as modernismo in the Hispanic world.
Modernism: ‘I represent a vital attitude of artists who reacted against bourgeois utilitarianism.’ Born in Hispanic America, this rejection also joined a rejection of imperialism.
Features
- Two streams:
- Parnassianism: seeking
Fundamentals of Human Resource Management
Human Resource Management (HRM) is the strategic approach to managing people in an organization to achieve both individual and organizational goals. It involves recruiting, selecting, training, developing, motivating, and retaining employees while ensuring their well-being and growth. HRM views employees as valuable assets whose skills and performance are crucial for organizational success.
Definition: According to Dale Yoder, HRM is “the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the
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