Territorial Development and Logistics in Catalonia

Equilibrium and Territorial Development: 4 Axes

4.1 Logistics Centers and Territorial Equilibrium

Logistics centers are necessary to ensure useful goods reach their destination. Due to its geographical situation, Catalonia has always been a land passage between Europe, the Iberian Peninsula, and North Africa, thus facilitating trade and the transit of goods and people.

This fact, combined with its strong industrial activity, encourages Catalonia to be a first-class logistics center in the European

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Spain’s Diverse Landscapes and Ecosystems

Landscapes and Environment in Spain

Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Living beings are distributed throughout Spain. The diversity in relief and climates results in a wide variety of ecosystems.

An ecosystem is the whole, the interrelation of all the creatures that live in a particular area, comprising biotic components and abiotic elements within an environment.

These ecosystems exhibit high biodiversity. Biodiversity is the variety of creatures that live on planet Earth or within a determined region. This

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Key Demographic Concepts and Historical Terms

Demographic Concepts

Population
A group of people inhabiting a specific territory.
Demography
The scientific study of human populations, including their size, structure, and distribution.
Population Density
The number of inhabitants per square kilometer (inhabitants/km2) within a territory, calculated assuming the population is evenly distributed.
Census
An official count or survey of a population, typically conducted by governments every 10 years, collecting detailed demographic data.
Register Office (Municipal
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19th Century Capitalism, Depression, and Imperialism

19th Century Capitalist Economy Cycles

The capitalist economy is characterized by cycles of high industrial production followed by crises. These crises often result from excessive industrial production, creating more goods than the market can absorb for consumption. Consequently, prices fall, profits decrease, and unemployment rises.

The Great Depression of 1873-1896

The economic crisis beginning in 1873, known as the Great Depression (1873-1896), was the first major depression under capitalism. Millions

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Reconquista: Christian Resistance, Stages, and Cultural Impact

The Reconquista: Christian Resistance and Cultural Impact

The Main Pockets of Resistance: The resistance began with the Christian Battle of Covadonga in 722. Major pockets of resistance were found in the Cantabrian area, which had a difficult climate for the Muslims. This kingdom gave rise to the Asturian-Leonese kingdom in the early 9th century. Castile became a county and, in the 11th century, a kingdom. In 1230, the king of Castile and León was always the same, which led to the Kingdom of Castile

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Urbanization Stages: Pre-Industrial to Post-Industrial

Urbanization Process: A Historical Overview

Pre-Industrial Urbanization

Pre-industrial urbanization encompasses the origins of cities up to the beginning of the industrial era (19th century). During this period, urbanization rates did not exceed 10% of the population, and the average city size ranged from 5 to 10 million inhabitants. Key factors favoring urban development included:

  • Strategic-military considerations
  • Political-administrative functions
  • Economic activities
  • Religious significance

This process

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