Understanding Page Replacement Algorithms
Virtual Memory Management Questions
Page Replacement Algorithms
A computer has four-page frames. The table below shows the time of loading, time of last access, and the R and M bits for each page (the times are in clock ticks):
Which page will each of the following algorithms replace?
- NRU (Not Recently Used)
- FIFO (First-In, First-Out)
- LRU (Least Recently Used)
- Second Chance
Answers:
- NRU replaces page 2.
- FIFO replaces page 3.
- LRU replaces page 1.
- Second chance replaces page 2.
Address Space and Page Size
A computer
Ceramic, Brick, and Stone Cladding Systems: A Detailed Look
Fiber Cement Cladding
Fiber Cement. List the types of ceramic elevation claddings.
Types of Ceramic Elevation Claddings
1. Single Shell Multilayer System (Glued): Small unit (1x12x25, majolica, pressed ceramic tiles), wider joints 3-5mm, heat expansion joints at each 3m. Max tile area 0.12m2, max length 40cm, max thickness 2cm including gluing layer.
2. Double Shell Ventilated System: Pressed ceramic sheets (1/30×60/60x120cm), terracotta (1-2/30×60/60x120cm).
Fiberboard
- Loadbearing structure.
- Insulation
Understanding RAM Memory Types and Functionality
Understanding RAM Memory: Types and Functionality
Generalities: Physically, RAM is formed by a series-connected integrated circuit chip, a data bus, and an address bus. There are different types of RAM:
- ROM (Read-Only Memory): Contains information that cannot be changed, and this information is not cleared at shutdown.
- RAM (Random Access Memory): The information can be read and modified many times. The information is erased when the RAM is powered off.
Applications are loaded into RAM when the user
Read MoreAntonyms and Synonyms: Understanding Word Relationships
Antonyms: Understanding Opposite Meanings
Antonymy refers to the association between two lexical units that have opposite core meanings, at least in some contexts. There are three main types of antonyms:
- Gradable or Contrary Antonyms: Typically adjectives, these can be placed on a scale. For example, big/small.
- Complementary Antonyms: These represent true opposites and are mutually exclusive. For example, male/female, dead/alive.
- Directional Antonyms: These indicate opposite directions. For example,
Computer System Architecture: CPU, Memory, and I/O
Operating System Fundamentals
The operating system (OS) is a program that acts as an intermediary between a user and the computer hardware (OS kernel). It runs on a computer and strongly depends on its architecture (CPU, bus, devices…).
OS Goals:
- Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier.
- Make the computer system convenient to use.
Processor (CPU)
The processor executes instructions only from memory. It operates in two modes:
- System mode (privileged): Can perform all operations.
- User
Semantic Change: Types and False Friends
Semantic Change
Types of Semantic Change
-
Foreign influence
- French parlement “speaking” > “judicial court” > “legislative assembly”
-
Metaphoric transfer
- The name of an object is transferred to another object similar to it. An imagined link is established between two concepts.
- insult < Latin insultare < in + saltare
- grasp “take hold of something”
- expire < of expirer < Latin ex + spirare
- mouse “rodent” > “computer device”.
-
Metonymic transfer
- Metonymic transfer may happen