Franco’s Regime: Spain’s Political Evolution 1938-1975
Establishment of a Totalitarian System
The new political regime was established as a totalitarian system in which all powers were concentrated in the Head of State, General Franco. It was based on the existence of a single party, *FET de las JONS*. It was inspired by the fascist states of Germany and Italy but, since 1945, had changed without losing its totalitarian nature. It was difficult to define a model strictly. The will was apparently dictatorial from the dismantling of all the institutions
Feudal Society: Lords, Vassals, and Peasants in Medieval Europe
The Countryside: Peasants and Lords
The countryside is essential for the feudal order due to the importance of the primary sector and the dominant agricultural climate.
Forms of Ownership and Land Use
It is a complex area for several reasons:
- Permanent tendency of large property to absorb allodial forms.
- This expansion supports the new agricultural settlements, with the clearing of land. This will result in an increase of small and medium farmers.
- In the vast property, the circumstances of centuries XI,
Masterpieces of Roman and Romanesque Architecture and Art
Maison Carrée
This is a Corinthian temple, high on a podium, *hemipteriptero* (half surrounded by columns) with a ladder, one nave, and columns attached to the cella as a peristyle. In the pediment, there is no sculptural decoration; it has probably been lost. The frieze features floral designs reminiscent of the decoration of the Ara Pacis. These features were very common in the Roman provinces in the time of Augustus.
The temple was built by Agrippa, Augustus’s nephew and superior legacy of Gaul,
Read MoreSpain’s Role in the EU and NATO: From Maastricht to Today
Spain in the Europe of Maastricht
The Treaty of Maastricht was the result of a project initiated by Jacques Delors, Felipe González, and others. The new European Union increased economic and monetary union as a prelude to greater political integration. The Amsterdam Treaty reviewed the results of Maastricht and agreed to move forward in achieving its objectives. Agenda 2000 outlined the goals set for the 21st century, including strengthening and expansion eastward.
Enlargement and Reform of the European
Read MoreThe Spanish Restoration: Monarchy, Constitution, and Societal Shifts (1874-1931)
The Spanish Restoration and the Constitution of 1876
“The Restoration” (1874, the restoration of Bourbon Alfonso XII as king, to 1923, the military coup of Primo de Rivera) was a period of great stability. The first phase (1875-1902) includes the reign of Alfonso XII and the regency of Maria Christina of Austria. The second, with Alfonso XIII on the throne, covering the years between 1902 and 1923. Spain, with a liberal and parliamentary system, is characterized by warlordism, electoral fraud, the
Read MoreFranco’s Regime: Isolation, US Agreements, and Fundamental Laws
International Isolation of Franco’s Regime (1945-1950)
International isolation truly lasted until 1953, following the signing of agreements with the United States and the Concordat with the Holy See. In any case, the Franco regime was hardly appreciated by the European environment, which was forced to live turned in on itself. At the 1945 Potsdam Conference, it was agreed to isolate Franco, and then the UN took the agreement to exclude the regime in 1946.