Venezuela’s National Security and Defense Forces

Article 328: National Armed Forces of Venezuela

The National Armed Forces constitute an essentially professional institution, with no political orientation, organized by the State to ensure the independence and sovereignty of the Nation and ensure the integrity of geographical space. This is achieved through military defense, cooperation in the maintenance of internal order, and active participation in national development, in accordance with this Constitution and the law.

National Security, Defense,

Read More

Prisoner Rights and Social Reintegration in the EU

Item 12: Attention to Persons Deprived of Liberty

1. From Control to Social Integration

Both nationally and internationally, the last decade has witnessed a shift in the treatment of criminal behavior. The focus has moved from individual causes and closed institutions to a greater emphasis on prevention and the design of correctional institutions as spaces for rehabilitation and social reintegration. This spirit is reflected in texts such as the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners

Read More

The Intertwined Relationship of Science and Technology

Technique is a form of knowledge applied to the resolution of a practical question. The systematic organization of such practical knowledge is the basis of technology. Techno-science constantly raises new challenges to technology and, in turn, provides new materials and techniques for scientific development. It is a bidirectional relationship. The term ‘technology’ is not an element that appears only in our time; it is attached to human beings in their progress from their origins. However, the ability

Read More

Non-Aligned Movement: Relevance and Hegemony Examples

The Non-Aligned Movement’s (NAM) Benefits and Continued Relevance

NAM as a ‘Third Option’ During the Cold War

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was considered a ‘third option’ by Third World countries for the following reasons:

  1. Non-Alignment: It offered newly decolonized countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America a choice to avoid joining either alliance (the US or the Soviet Union).
  2. Economic Development: A majority of NAM members were categorized as Least Developed Countries (LDCs). NAM’s focus was
Read More

Social Media’s Impact: Fact vs. Fiction in the Digital Age

The Pervasive Influence of Social Media

The breadth and impact of social media can scarcely be exaggerated. In less than a decade, it has disrupted journalism, influenced global politics, and altered commerce by providing a platform for instantaneous global communication. One significant problem: social media does not distinguish between fact and fiction. This has frightening implications that have already surfaced.

Social Media Lacks Fact Filters

Social media is rapidly replacing traditional media

Read More

Hume, Enlightenment, and Sociocultural Context

Historical and Sociocultural Framework of Hume’s Philosophy

The historical context of Hume’s thought is the 18th century, the era of the Enlightenment. This was a time marked by the triumph of the Whig Revolution and leading up to the French Revolution. The central part of this century can be considered a period of relative calm, preceded by the so-called religious wars and followed by a series of revolutionary wars.

Political Landscape

Politically, the most common form of government was absolute monarchy,

Read More