Ethical Theories: A Deep Dive into Moral Philosophy
What is an Ethical Theory?
Ethics is the philosophical reflection on morality.
- Study the origin and coexistence of different moral codes.
- Suggests where should guide our conduct.
- Analyze the consequences of our moral actions.
- It helps us to develop a moral dilemma if
- Fundamental moral action although this does not cause problems.
The ethical theories are the rationale that explains the moral behavior of individuals. These represent an effort of thought to understand the human condition and offer a consistent
Read MoreScience, Metaphysics, and the Nature of Reality
Science and Reality
In the early twenty-first century, science has generally accepted an image of what we call reality. But the discoveries and achievements of science open the door to ever more complex puzzles. In antiquity, everything we call knowledge was attributed to philosophy, considered the ultimate form of rational knowledge. But scientific knowledge led many to follow an independent path from philosophy. This knowledge became specialized sciences, and the sum of all of them gives a comprehensive
Read MoreAristotle, Aquinas, and Hume: Perspectives on Human Nature
Aristotle: Human Beings, Indissoluble Unity of Body and Soul
In contrast to the theory of the world of ideas of his teacher Plato, Aristotle argued that the sensible world only exists, in which all beings are individual and are composed of matter and form (hilemorphic theory).
What is Humankind?
The body (matter) and soul (form). The soul is immaterial and is the essence of humankind. The body and soul form a substantially inseparable unity and cannot exist separately. Therefore, if the body is mortal,
Read MorePlato’s Philosophy: Key Concepts and Theories
Plato’s Core Philosophical Concepts
1) The Letter and Exoteric Texts: The importance of the letter explaining that what is known of Plato’s philosophy are only the exoteric texts. The esoteric texts, which truly explained his philosophy, were never published. This leads us to assume that we only know the exoteric aspects of Plato’s thinking. Plato discusses lessons for the public and teachings for initiates in philosophy. This letter develops part of his political doctrine and ethics.
2) Cratylus
Read MorePlato’s Philosophy: Ideas, Politics, and the Academy
Plato: A Philosophical Journey
Born in Athens in 427 BC, Plato hailed from a prominent Athenian family. At the age of 20, he became a student of Socrates, remaining deeply connected to him until Socrates’ death. Although initially drawn to politics, Plato grew disillusioned with the political climate of his time, particularly after the condemnation and execution of his mentor, Socrates. Despite this, his philosophy retains a strong political focus.
In 387 BC, Plato founded the Academy, an institution
Read MoreNietzsche’s Superman: Metamorphosis, Will to Power, and the Übermensch
Nietzsche’s Path to the Superman
Transit from Passive Nihilism to Superman. Nietzsche explains the transition from passive nihilism to the superman through the triple metamorphosis:
- The camel (cannot say no) represents the Christian, the humble sheep who sacrifices his life by repressing instincts and embodies passive nihilism. This must be overcome.
- The lion (only knows how to say no), kills God, critiques, and destroys the foundations of the West. It announces the death of God and symbolizes active