Religious Education in Spain: 25 Years of Evolution
Summary Table
Three basic positions regarding religious education:
- Religious education in school
- Religious education outside of school (secularism) – admissible but not confessional
Year 31 – Republic – freedom of education
Year 33 – Secular republic – no religion
Year 36 – Civil War — personal government until 1975
Year 39 – Catholic confessional element – the church supports the regime.
Franco Regime – religion is compulsory – membership of the church in the regime (60s). The Vatican is created, which
Read MoreSaint Augustine: Reason, Faith, and the Pursuit of Truth
Reason and Faith in Saint Augustine’s Philosophy
Saint Augustine aspired to achieve truth and happiness, and for him, both are found in Christ. The road to Christ requires both faith and reason. That is, for Augustine, reason and faith are complementary:
- Faith must be understood with the procedures of reason. This is not a faith opposed to reason, as defended by Tertullian.
- Reason is fallible and insufficient. Reason without faith is prone to error and, by itself, is incapable of attaining truth.
The
Read MoreUnderstanding Ethics, Freedom, and Responsibility
What is Ethics?
Ethics is the study of moral action, the action of the human relationship in order to achieve one’s own good, and failing that, of evil. To know the proper good of a person, one must know what a person is. Depending on the doctrine of a person, so shall ethics be. Once the nature of man is known, what is said to be ethical is good for him and for others, and what goes against the asset itself. There is no ethics without a definition of good and evil. There is also no ethics without
Read MoreEnglish Vocabulary for Students: Essential Terms
Essential English Vocabulary
- Unit 6
General Vocabulary
Saint Augustine’s Theory of Knowledge and Divine Illumination
Wisdom and Enlightenment
The Philosophy of Saint Augustine
In Saint Augustine’s philosophy, as in Platonism and Neoplatonism, knowledge is a form of religious purification. The superiority of the intelligible world, the subject of true knowledge, requires the liberation of the soul from the body. Once released, and since truth is God, the soul will necessarily be directed to Him as the only object that can bring happiness.
Inspired by Platonic doctrines, Saint Augustine distinguishes three levels of
Read MoreConjunctions, Propositions, and Argumentative Texts
Understanding Conjunctions and Propositions
A conjunction is a grammatical category that is used to join two or more units together. Conjunctions are crucial for creating compound sentences with relative pronouns, which are what we call links. A proposition is each of the sentences that are linked by means of a link and form a complex sentence.
There are three main types of compound sentences:
- Coordinated: These sentences have no syntactic dependency relations between the propositions that form them.