Administrative Law: Concepts, Rights, and Legal Acts
Given Concept
Traditionally, the term “given” referred to the recipient subject to the exercise of administrative powers, i.e., the person in a juridical and administrative counterpart to the Administration.
The LRJ-PAC replaced the term “given” with “citizen,” which inherently carries the idea of individual rights against the State. However, the term “citizen” should be construed broadly, as it would otherwise exclude, for example, legal persons in the economic field, who have a higher rate of litigation
Read MoreThe Gens and Family Structure in Ancient Rome
The Gens
From the earliest times, social groups existed above the family level (people). Each gens consisted of several families, descendants of a common ancestor. They had one adjective and shared the same land and worshipped their own gods. Authority was exercised by the head of the oldest family.
The Family
The family was formed by a group of persons under the authority of a paterfamilias and a married woman. If a daughter married, she became part of her husband’s family. In contrast, if she was
Read MoreInternational Law: Treaties, Statehood, and Dispute Resolution
Effects of Treaties
First Effect: Between Contracting Parties (Art. 26 of the Convention)
A fundamental principle in international law states that any treaty held regularly is mandatory for the contracting states, who must comply in good faith. This embodies the principle of pacta sunt servanda, the most important rule in international law. Each party must take necessary measures to comply with and apply domestic law, including promulgation, publication, and implementation. A state cannot invoke its
Read MoreChecks in Argentina: A Comprehensive Guide
Checks in Argentina
Common Check
A common check is a payment order against a bank where the drawer has funds deposited. It includes:
- Amount in numbers
- Date of issue
- Name of the payee or bearer
- Amount in words
- Signature
Deferred Payment Check
A deferred payment check is a payment order with a future date. It requires registration with an approved institution. It includes:
- Amount in numbers
- Date of issue
- Deferral period (30-360 days)
- Name of the payee or bearer
- Amount in words
- Signatures
Nominative Certificate of
Read MoreContractual and Tort Liability: A Comprehensive Guide
Contractual Liability
Definition
Contractual liability is established by a contract, such as a purchase and sale agreement. If the seller provides a defective product causing harm to the buyer, the buyer is entitled to compensation.
Article 1264 of the Civil Code states that obligations must be fulfilled exactly as agreed upon. The debtor is liable for damages in case of violation.
Tort Liability
Definition
Tort liability is not established by any contract.
Example
If a dog bites a passerby or someone
Read MoreCollaboration & Conflict Between State and Autonomous Regions
Collaboration and Conflict Between State and Autonomous Regions
Collaboration between the State and the CCAA
Coordination and compliance are essential for effective collaboration between the State (Lestat) and the Autonomous Communities (CCAAs). The Spanish Constitution (EC) establishes a framework for this collaboration, particularly in Articles 103.1 and 103.2. Article 149 of the EC outlines the exclusive competences of the State, including the speaking skills competition (art 149 EC). Collaboration
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