Francoist Spain: From World War II to Economic Opening
The Second World War and Hegemony
At the beginning of World War II, Franco showed his support for the Axis powers. However, he declared Spain’s neutrality, claiming inability to fully engage in the conflict. The Falange and JONS parties rose to a hegemonic role in the new National Syndicalist (fascist) state.
Germany’s victory in France led to a period of non-belligerence for Spain, involving diplomatic and economic support to the seemingly victorious Axis powers. Franco sought compensation for this
Read MoreThe Evolution of the International System: From Bipolarity to Globalization
Item 6: From International Society to World Society
Evolution and Structure: Power in International Relations
The first half of the twentieth century witnessed two world wars originating in Europe. World War I (1914-1918) began in a period followed by interwar fascism in Italy and Germany. This period saw a crisis of democracy, culminating in World War II (1939-1945), which aimed to dismantle these totalitarian regimes. 1945 marked the emergence of a new international society, a consequence of a war
Read MoreSpain’s Transition to Democracy: From Franco to the 21st Century
1. Transition to Democracy (After 1975)
Franco’s Death (1975)
King Juan Carlos becomes the leader. Transition from dictatorship to democracy starts. Constitution of 1978 sets up a parliamentary monarchy. Spain becomes decentralized with 17 autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities. Fundamental rights and freedoms are recognized.
First Democratic Elections (1977)
Held to elect new leaders democratically.
2. Political Reform Law
Recognizes fundamental rights. Plans for general elections with universal
Read MoreThe Law of October 25, 1839: Modification of Basque and Navarrese Fueros
The Law of October 25, 1839
Modification of Basque and Navarrese Fueros
This legal text addresses the modification of the Basque and Navarrese Fueros. Written by the Courts of Spain and confirmed by Queen Maria Cristina in 1839, it targeted citizens of the three Basque territories and Navarre, as they were primarily affected by the law.
Historical Context
Ferdinand VII had modified the Salic Law with the Pragmatic Sanction to ensure his daughter, Princess Isabella, could inherit the throne. Upon his
Read MoreA Comparative Study of 19th Century Revolutions and Nationalism
1. National Assembly: after the Estate-General was called, Third Estate decided to meet apart of the other estates and create a National representative assembly to create the first French Constitution.
2. Censitary suffrage: is when only a few people with specific amount of money can vote, only them are considered the nation, but no the others.
3. Universal suffrage: when every single male over 25 years old was allowed to vote.
4. Guillotine: machine created to behead the people was against revolution
Analysis of the Spanish Constitution of 1876
This legislative text is a primary source, a selection of articles from the 1876 constitution. It was written during the Restoration by Alfonso XII (the King of Spain) and the Cortes on June 1876. It was published in Madrid and destined for the nation.
Firstly, I am going to analyze the main ideas of the text to understand it properly. This constitution was moderate, but also had progressive ideas since it was a compromise between the politicians who believed that the 1869 constitution was still
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