The Spanish Second Republic (1933-1936): From Radical-CEDA to Popular Front
The Radical-CEDA Biennium (1933-1936)
The Rise of the Right
After the elections, Lerroux formed a cabinet composed exclusively of members of his party. The CEDA supported the government in Parliament. Lerroux was therefore required to initiate what right-wing groups were demanding: a rectification of the policy reforms of the previous biennium. This new policy was implemented by the cessation of the reforms:
- Cessation of agrarian reform, resulting in the eviction of thousands of laborers from the land
Carlist Wars: A History of Opposition to Liberalism in Spain
Opposition to the Liberal Regime: The Carlist Wars and the Foral Question
The First Carlist War (1833-1839)
The liberal government established under Maria Cristina faced strong opposition from traditionalist and anti-liberal Carlists, who rallied around Infante Don Carlos María Isidro (brother of Ferdinand VII). The Carlists rejected liberalism, which they believed went against Spanish values. They also opposed the new industrial model, feeling that machines alienated workers from their labor. The
Read MoreThe Spanish Civil War and Franco’s Regime in Catalonia
The Civil War in Catalonia (1936-1939)
Collectivizations (July to September 1936)
Following the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, industries were paralyzed. From July 24th, a sense of normalcy returned as workers’ committees were established, particularly in agricultural properties. These committees implemented regulations including wage setting, holiday allowances, and the allocation of profits towards social services like hospitals and schools.
In July 1936, the Minister of Economy of Catalonia
Read MoreThe Crisis of Liberalism and the Second Spanish Republic
1. The Crisis of Liberalism
The Crisis of ’98
In 1895, a new independence movement erupted in Cuba. The United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the battleship Maine in Havana.
The Spanish defeat meant the loss of its last colonies. This caused frustration within the Spanish political class and pessimism among the intelligentsia.
The Constitutional Rule of Alfonso XIII
The Constitution of 1876 remained in force and maintained a system of alternating turns in power (turnismo), although
Read MoreThe Second Spanish Republic (1931-1936): Politics and Culture
The Second Spanish Republic (1931-1936)
A. The Constitution of 1931 and the Reform Biennium
The triumph of the Republican candidates in large cities led to the proclamation of the Republic on April 14, 1931. This popular movement led to the exile of King Alfonso XIII.
A provisional government, headed by Niceto Alcalá Zamora and comprising left and right Republicans, socialists, and nationalists, was immediately formed. This government would last until a new Constituent Cortes could shape the new regime.
Read MoreThe Spanish Civil War: A Concise Overview
(220-777)
G
The Civil began on
17 July 1936 when Morocco was a revolt of the hands of General
Franco
During the war there are 2 camps: 1.Govern + democratic + parties which support social forces (trade unions). 2.Forces social + + part of the army right parties id’extrema right.
The Revels are the part that made the revolt because they wanted to make a military coup. Formesn some of these sectors of the army, militias right parties id’extrema right Falangists, requêtes,
CEDA monarchist parties,