Spanish Constitution of 1845: Analysis and Context
The Spanish Constitution of 1845
Historical Context
The Spanish Constitution of 1845 was a legal text enacted in Madrid during the reign of Queen Isabella II. It replaced the Constitution of 1837 and remained in effect until 1869. The preamble, issued by Queen Isabella II, stated its purpose as modifying the existing constitution. However, it effectively established a new framework for governance in Spain.
Key Provisions
The Constitution of 1845 introduced several significant changes:
- Shared Sovereignty:
The French Revolution and Napoleon
The French Revolution
Causes of the French Revolution
- Bad harvests and livelihood crisis.
- The middle class had money but was marginalized.
- Financial crisis of the monarchy.
The solution was a tax reform that the King was afraid to implement. The French Revolution began on July 14, 1789, with the storming of the Bastille.
The National Assembly and the Declaration of the Rights of Man
The nobility requested the States-General, which consisted of representatives from the three estates. The bourgeoisie abandoned
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The Governments of Dato and Romanones
Conservative Government of Dato (1913-1915)
After a brief rule of Romanones, Dato became president of the Executive on October 23, 1913. His most impactful government measure was the publication of the decree that allowed some associations in Catalonia. Dato’s autonomism had to define the Spanish position in World War I, which could not be one of neutrality.
Liberal Government of Romanones (1915-1917)
His government’s achievements included the Alba project on fiscal
Read MorePolitical System of Spain During Alfonso XIII’s Reign
Political System During the Reign of Alfonso XIII
The regency ends on 17 May 1902 with the enthronement of Alfonso XIII, who reigned until April 1931. The monarchy of Alfonso XIII is characterized by the generalized crisis of the system, caused by:
- The disappearance of the leaders that gestated and directed the Restauración.
- Failure to respond to the demands of parties outside the turnismo.
- The stiffness of a system that only promotes changes in the Spanish countryside.
The First Government of Alfonso
Read MoreThe Crisis of the Old Regime and the Spanish American Wars of Independence
The Crisis of the Old Regime (Borbónica Monarchy and the War of Independence)
In the early nineteenth century, Carlos IV was king, but the power was held by Godoy. Napoleon came to power in France and Spain was involved in several conflicts early in the century, such as the War of the Oranges, a war with Portugal in which the village of Olivenza was lost. Godoy refused Spanish participation against England, but the fleet was misled by the French and saw defeat at the hands of General Nelson at the
Read MoreSpanish History: Oligarchy, Caciques, and Regionalism in Extremadura
The Problem of Morocco
It began shortly after the disaster of 1898 (Spanish territories in Africa: Chafarinas Islands, Melilla, Penon de Alhucemas, Penon de Velez de la Gomera, and Ceuta). France, the protectorate of Algeria and Tunisia, tried to extend their influence to Morocco. Germany tried to intervene in the area, and England, owner of Gibraltar, wanted to maintain control over the Strait area. In 1906, the Conference of Algeciras was held, where a dual Franco-Spanish protectorate and the internalization
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