Colonial Imperialism: Causes and Consequences in the 19th and 20th Centuries
Introduction to the Second Industrial Revolution
The Second Industrial Revolution (IIRI) began in the last third of the nineteenth century. This was linked to the process of expansion of European countries on the continents of Asia and Africa, thus giving rise to what is called colonial imperialism. Once the European market was covered, European powers, including England and France, began their expansion towards Africa and Asia in search of new markets, raw materials, and energy sources much cheaper
Read MoreSpain’s Liberal Revolution: From Crisis of 1808 to Isabel II
The Crisis of 1808: The Fall of the Old Regime
The Crisis of 1808 marked a turning point in Spanish history. The Old Regime would disappear, paving the way for a liberal revolution. This revolution would see liberalism prevail, promising freedom and equal rights for all. It would establish national sovereignty and a constitution, with a separation of powers between the judicial, executive, and legislative branches.
Charles IV ascended to the throne a year before the French Revolution. He was a reformist
Read MoreRelative Clauses, Appositive Noun Phrases, and Complement Clauses in English
Relative Clauses with Adverbial Gaps
When relative clauses have adverbial gaps, there are four choices for using relativizers in spoken and written language. They replace an entire adverbial phrase.
Relative Adverbs
Where, when, and why are relative adverbs that specifically mark adverbial gaps.
- Where: Used for place adverbials. Example: The playground where the school is.
- When: Used for time adverbials. Example: The day when she got married.
- Why: Used for reason adverbials. Example: The reason why I
Spain’s History: Alfonso XIII’s Reign to the Civil War
Alfonso XIII’s Reign (1902-1931)
During the early decades of the 20th century, the system of continuous restoration was present but was heading towards its demise. Some events that marked its disappearance were:
- The Tragic Week of Barcelona: Due to the enlistment of reservists among popular classes to be dislocated to North Africa, many of them died.
- The foundation of the National Labor Confederation (CNT) in Barcelona (1911), a highly influential anarchist labor union, produced serious confrontations
The Spanish Civil War: Causes, Battles, and Aftermath
**Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)**
The Military and the Conspiracy’s Rise
Since the Popular Front’s victory in the 1936 elections, a group of generals (Sanjurjo, Mola, Franco, and others) and numerous leaders and military officers began plotting an armed insurrection against the Popular Front government. General Sanjurjo was appointed as head of the uprising but died shortly afterward. The coordinator of the entire plot was General Mola, a conspirator from Pamplona. However, the coup leaders supported
Read MoreGreek Architecture: Characteristics and Styles
Greek Art: Architecture
Greek architecture primarily focused on urban and religious buildings. For the Greek artist, everything was about proportion and measure. The architecture is characterized by its ashlar masonry, a perfectly uniform system of stones placed perpendicularly and longitudinally, known as isodomic. A defining feature is the use of marble as the primary material. While aware of the arch and vault, the Greeks rejected them in favor of a lintel system.
Greek architects meticulously
Read More