tem 8
1. Cities
❑ Cities are densely populated areas and centres of
economic and social activities.
1.1 The definition of a city
➢ Cities are defined by the following:
– Numbers of inhabitants. In Spain, a settlement with more
than 10.000 inhabitants is considered a city.
– Economic activity. The majority of the inhabitants in cities
work in the secondary or tertiary sector.
– Lifestyle. Cities are places where ideas and products are
exchanged.
1.2 Functions of cities
✓Cities have a number of functions:
▪
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UNIT 1
● 27 countries in the EU
● Last year the UK left because of the Brexit.
OBJECTIVES OF THE EU:
– To consolidate peace and prevent new wars in Europe.
– To compete collectively agains the superpowers.
ORIGINS OF THE EU:
– After the II World War (1939-1945). The USA and the Soviet Union became
superpowers, much stronger than the European countries.
– European countries decided to create a continent-wide organization and promoting
cooperation among themselves.
1950: 9th of May Robert Schuman presents
geografia e historia
Tertiary sector
1.What is the tertiary sector?
Unlike the primary or secondary sectors, the tertiary or service sector does not produce material goods. It provides services to people and other economic sectors instead.
2. Explain the growth of the services sector
This sector includes a large number of activities associated with areas such as healthcare, education, tourism, retail, transport and logistics, communications, culture, leisure, sport, etc.
In developed countries, the tertiary sector has undergone
Geology
-Layering determined by the differences in both chemical composition and physical properties
-On basis of chemical composition: earth has three layers:
core (dense inner sphere)
Radius 3500 km, 95% iron+ 5% nickel
Inner core (solid) we know it’s solid because both p-waves and s-waves pass through it
Outer core (liquid) we know it’s liquid because p-waves pass through it but s-waves cannot
Mantle (less dense) 2900 km made of rock-peridotite
Lower mantle 2400 km (solid)(bottom)
Asthenosphere 400 km (weak/
Nada especial
- Hydroelectric: Water is held behind a dam forming a reservoir, then, the falling water released turns a giant turbine, that moves a generator producing electricity. China, Brazil, and Canada. Three Gorges Dam in Yangtze river, China.
- Wind: Second most used renewable energy. It has two main drawbacks: The impact of the wind farm on the landscape and the birds killed by the turbines. China, the USA, Germany, and Spain.
- Solar: We use the sun’s heat and light to produce electricity. Germany, Italy,
Teoria Geo
Traditional societies: similar to rural societies (in political, economic and cultural ways to those that existed before the industrial revolution. Also called pre-industrial.
– Most of them work in agricultural and livestock farming activities.
– Their production is based on survival.
– They manufacture the things artisanaly.
– A very stable and controlled behaviour (by religious and modal codes).
– Comunication between them and villages is very limited. Only few have the opportunity to travel or hear