Living Environment Units: Science, Reproduction, Genetics, Evolution, Ecology

Posted by on Dec 6, 2023 in Biology | 0 comments

Index of Living Environment Units

Unit 1: Science and the Living Environment (pg 2-4)

  • Scientific method
  • Controlled experiments
  • Graphing
  • Characteristics of good experiment

Unit 2: Characteristics of Living Things (pg 5-10)

  • Chemistry (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, enzymes, acids and bases)
  • Homeostasis, metabolism, and life processes (including photosynthesis and respiration)
  • Cells

Unit 3: Homeostasis and the Human Body (pg 11-15)

  • Organization
  • Human body systems
  • Diseases and disorders

Unit 4: Reproduction (pg

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Concept of education

Posted by on Dec 6, 2023 in Biology | 0 comments

3 types of population distributionEven, random, lumped
2.Aerobesneed oxygen
3.AlgaeEuglenids
Red, green, or brown algae
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
4.Algae are important producers in the food chain becausethey contain chlorophyll and are autotrophs
5.AnaerobesDon’t need oxygen
6.Analyze the scientific basis for Darwin’s species evolution and human evolution theoriesThese theories are highly speculative because of the incomplete fossil record and the ecological nature of fossilization
7.Animals trophic relationshipSecondary
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Understanding Mitosis, Meiosis, and Genetic Variation

Posted by on Dec 6, 2023 in Biology | 0 comments

Main Stages of Mitosis

  1. Prophase: cell structures break down and chromosomes divide

  2. Metaphase: chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell

  3. Anaphase: sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends

  4. Telophase: cell division nears completion and normal structures are re-established

Mitosis vs. Meiosis I

Meiosis has two rounds of genetic separation and cellular division, leading to non-identical daughter cells, unlike mitosis.

Meiosis and Genetic Variation

Prophase I allows for genetic diversity through

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Nutrition: An Exchange of Substances and the Digestive System

Posted by on Dec 4, 2023 in Biology | 0 comments

Nutrition: an exchange of substances

In order to carry out the nutrition function, living organisms need an exchange of substances to take place between their surrounding environment and their cells. This exchange occurs in different ways according to whether the organism is unicellular or multicellular.

1.1. How substances are exchanged

The nutrition function is performed through the joint action of different systems. The systems involved in human nutrition are:

1. The digestive system: This system

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Neurotransmitters and Their Role in Brain Function

Posted by on Dec 1, 2023 in Biology | 0 comments

Excitatory or inhibitory, synthesis, storage, inactivation, receptors, sources, role, toxins

ACh: E, choline+acetyl coenzyme A (CAT), trans to vesicles by ST, acetylcholinesterase (breakdown in synaptic cleft), nicotinic (iono) and muscarinic (meta), nucleus basalis/septal nuclei, neuro-muscular junction, memory, attention, cholinergic degeneration. 1st stage of Alzheimer’s, organophosphates (pesticides and Sarin) inhibit acetylcholinesterase

Glutamate: E, glutamine, trans. to ves, by st, EAAT into

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Understanding the Heart, Digestive System, and Enzymes in the Human Body

Posted by on Dec 1, 2023 in Biology | 0 comments

The heart

Blood goes from heart to lungs via pulmonary artery to get O2, then O2 blood goes back to heart via pulmonary vein. Heart pumps O2 blood to the body via the aorta, it goes round the body and the d/o blood is pumped back to the heart via the vena cava to be pumped to the lungs for O2 again.

Problems with the heart

Inverted valves, causing blood to flow the other way, treated by fitting a replacement valve, artificial or biological, invasive surgery and risk of rejection. If the heart stops

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