Key English Vocabulary for Tourism & Hospitality
Tourism & Hospitality Essentials
Event & Tourism Management Actions
- Events: organize/arrange
- Emergencies: handle/deal with
- Room Occupancy: maximize/boost
- Tours: book/organize
- Staff: supervise/join
- Individual Holidays: book/arrange
Types of Tourism
Leisure Tourism Categories
- Holidays
- Health and Fitness
- Sporting Events
- Education and Training
- Culture and Religion
Business Tourism Categories
- Professional Meetings
- Exhibitions and Trade Fairs
- Conferences and Conventions
- Incentive Travel
Hotel & Travel Facilities
Hotel
Read MoreFundamental Building Blocks of Life: Elements and Molecules
Components of Living Matter
Composition of Matter
Matter consists of atoms.
Key Definitions
- An atom is formed by small particles.
- Elements are substances that consist of a single type of atom. There are 92 naturally occurring elements.
- Substances are mostly chemical compounds.
Chemical Components: Sources and Examples
Chemical components are unions of different atoms. They originate from:
- Rocks and minerals (inorganic world): For example, marble is calcium carbonate, and gypsum is calcium sulfate. Calcium
Mid-20th Century Literary Styles and Art Movements
Novelistic Trends in the 1940s
In the 1940s, novelists sought new forms of expression, leading to the emergence of diverse literary trends:
The Triumphant Novel
The Triumphant Novel defended the new political circumstances in the country. It upheld traditional values (God, Country, Family) and justified the Civil War and its consequences, often blaming the losing side. An example is Agustín de Foxá’s Madrid, de Corte a Checa.
The Psychological Novel
The Psychological Novel focused on the analysis of
Essential Marketing & Brand Management Definitions
Understanding Core Marketing & Brand Management Concepts
Brand Equity Fundamentals
Brand equity is defined as a set of brand assets and liabilities linked to a brand, its name, and symbol that add to (or subtract from) the value provided by a product or service to a firm and/or that firm’s customers.
Types of Brand Equity
Customer Brand Equity
This is the value customers receive from a brand, less the value they receive from a generic product. Customer brand equity comprises value received before
Understanding Company Costs and Production
What Are the Costs?
Total Revenue, Total Cost, and Profit
Start with the goal of the company: understand their decisions, knowing what they are trying to do.
A key question is: What is the benefit of a company?
Profit = Total Revenue (TR) – Total Cost (TC)
Key Definitions:
- Total Revenue: The amount received from the sale of production.
- Total Cost: The market value of the factors used in production.
Accounting and Economic Costs
- An economist refers to the cost of production of a company, which includes all
Essential Networking Concepts and Technologies
Ethernet Frame Format
The Ethernet frame consists of the following fields:
- Preamble: (7 bytes) Synchronization pattern.
- Start Frame Delimiter (SFD): (1 byte) Marks the start of the frame.
- Destination Address: (6 bytes) MAC address of the recipient.
- Source Address: (6 bytes) MAC address of the sender.
- Protocol ID (TPID) / Length: (2 bytes) Indicates the type of protocol or the length of the data field.
- Tag Control Information (TCI): (4 bytes, for VLAN-tagged frames) Includes:
- Priority: (3 bits) User Priority
Strategic Human Resources: Building a High-Performance Workforce
Employee Training & Needs Assessment
The Foundation of Workforce Excellence
Employee training is the structured process by which organizations help their workforce acquire new skills or refine existing ones. The primary purpose is to bridge the gap between current competencies and the skills required to effectively perform in one’s role—a strategic investment that boosts productivity, innovation, and overall morale. In this context, training is not solely about technical proficiency but also
Read MoreElectrical System Protection: Faults, Concepts, and Devices
Understanding Electrical Concepts & Protection
Voltage (Tension)
Voltage (V) is the electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit. It exists when there is an imbalance between two points, with one having a higher electrical potential than the other. Voltage is measured in volts. It is present in both DC (Direct Current) and AC (Alternating Current) systems, including single-phase and three-phase configurations. The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance is described
Read MoreEnglish Language Skills: Grammar & Vocabulary Drills
Vocabulary Practice: Complete the Sentences
Complete the sentences with a suitable word or expression.
- The bus was very crowded. There weren’t enough seats for all the passengers.
- This watch is waterproof, so I can go swimming with it.
- I am staying overnight, so I’ve packed my toothbrush.
- She is an international celebrity, known worldwide.
- We can’t afford to stay in a hotel, so we will stay at a youth hostel.
- Why are you taking so much luggage? You have four suitcases!
- I hope our flight hasn’t been
Cellular Transport and Plasma Membrane Structures
Macrotransport: Cellular Uptake and Release
Characteristics of Macrotransport
- Transport of large molecules/particles into and out of the cell
- Involving deformation/folding of the plasma membrane
Types of Macrotransport
- Endocytosis: Transport into the cell
- Pinocytosis (“cell drinking”)
- Phagocytosis (“cell eating”)
- Exocytosis: Transport out of the cell
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis vs. Pinocytosis: Key Differences
- Size of the material engulfed:
- Phagocytosis: > 250 nm vacuoles
- Pinocytosis: < 150 nm vesicles
- Size