Sports Biomechanics: Levers, Rotation, Newton’s Laws
Third-Class Lever Example: Knee Extension
Q1: An example of a third-class lever is knee extension (like kicking a ball), where the force is between the fulcrum and load. The knee joint is the fulcrum (the pivot point where the lower leg rotates), the quadriceps tendon, inserting on the tibial tuberosity, provides the effort in the middle, and the leg and foot (plus any ball) form the load at the far end.
Landing Technique: Shock Absorption in Gymnastics
Q2: Gymnasts bend their knees and flex their
Read MoreRTI Act: Appeals, Penalties, and Information Commissions
Appeal under the Right to Information Act, 2005 – Section 19
Section 19 of the Act lays down the entire framework for first appeal, second appeal, timelines, powers, and procedure.
First Appeal – Section 19(1)
A first appeal lies to an officer senior in rank to the Central/State Public Information Officer (CPIO/ SPIO) within the same public authority.
Grounds for First Appeal
A person may file a first appeal when:
- No decision is received within the time prescribed under Section 7(1) or Section 7(3)
Literary Periods: Middle Ages to Realism Analysis
Middle Ages: Theocentrism and Community
The Middle Ages were characterized by theocentrism; theology was the main focus. Favorite reading material included the Bible and the lives of saints. Salvation was considered the path to heaven. Individuals felt integrated into a community: the Church and the Kingdom. Literary creation was anonymous, and artistic creation was collective.
Baroque Period: Decay and Contrast
During the Baroque period, Spain began to lose control of the seas, marking the start of
Read MorePostcolonial Identity in Caribbean, South African, Indian & Sri Lankan
Caribbean: Art, Maps, and Diasporic Identity
Antillean Art and Walcott’s Shattered Histories
“Antillean art is this restoration of our shattered histories, our shards of vocabulary, our archipelago becoming a synonym for pieces broken off”? In his Nobel Prize speech, Derek Walcott explains that Caribbean, or Antillean, art is a way of rebuilding what history destroyed. Caribbean history was violently broken by slavery, colonialism, and forced migration. During the Middle Passage, Africans were
Read MoreCatholic Social Teaching on Life, Property, and Economic Systems
Bioethics: Moral Reflection on Life and Science
Origin and Purpose of Bioethics
Bioethics arises from the need to reflect morally on the rapid development of science and technology, particularly in the fields of medicine and biology.
As scientific progress began to make it possible to intervene directly in the origin, development, and end of human life, ethical questions emerged that could not be answered by technical knowledge alone.
Bioethics, therefore, seeks to evaluate scientific practices in the
Read MoreAdvanced Concepts in Information Retrieval and Recommendation Systems
Information Retrieval Evaluation and Relevance
Weighting Schemes in Weighted Cohen’s Kappa
Weighted Cohen’s Kappa uses specific weighting schemes (linear vs. quadratic) to measure inter-annotator agreement when categories are ordered.
- Linear Weighting: Penalizes disagreements proportionally to category distance. This is suitable when graded differences are modest. Linear weights are simpler but less sensitive.
- Quadratic Weighting: Penalizes larger disagreements more strongly, emphasizing severe
Asset Pricing Models and Bond Valuation Essentials
Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) defines the relationship between systematic risk and expected return for assets, particularly stocks.
- Expected Return of Asset: Risk-Free Rate + Beta × (Market Return – Risk-Free Rate)
- Beta Formula: Beta = Covariance(Asset Return, Market Return) / Variance(Market Return)
- CAPM Regression: (Asset Return – Risk-Free Rate) = Alpha + Beta × (Market Return – Risk-Free Rate)
- Alpha Formula: Alpha = Actual Expected Return – CAPM Predicted
Progressive Era and WWI: US History
Unit 10: The Progressive Era & World War I
The Early Twentieth Century: Reform and Conflict
The Progressive Era (1890s–1920s)
Towards the end of the Gilded Age (1870s – 1890s), a new era started: The Progressive Era (1890s-1920s). Different people advocated for reform (though not always for the same reasons), including politicians, conservationists, muckrakers, scientists and scholars, civil rights activists, and labor unions.
Key Progressive Figures
Eugene V. Debs
Founder of the American Railway
Read MoreCatholic Social Teaching: Core Principles and Ethics
1. Fundamentals of Social Doctrine of the Church (SDC)
Definition and Purpose
- Definition: A theological-moral model pertaining to the new evangelization, offering a propositional table based on reason directed toward the common good.
- Purpose: It is not an ideology or a political program, but a tool for analyzing social, economic, and political contexts through a Christian lens.
Historical Origin and Sources
- Historical Origin: Formally emerged in 1891 with Leo XIII’s Rerum Novarum to address the “labor
Strategic Management Essentials: Strategy, Analysis & Governance
Module 1 — Introducing Strategy
| Topic | Key Points |
|---|---|
| Definition of Strategy | Allocation of resources to achieve competitive advantage and long-term value creation |
| Strategic Decisions | Long-term; environment-dependent; aims to gain or defend advantage |
| Strategy Statements | Vision: desired future • Values: stable principles • Objectives: measurable (financial, market, TBL) |
| Levels of Strategy | Corporate: scope & value across units • Business: how to compete • Functional: support strategy |
| Strategy Process | Understand |