Social Work and Welfare State: Intervention & Social Services
Social Work
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According to Patrocinio de las Heras, social work intervention is deliberate and scientific. Therefore, it is a rational and organized approach to social reality in order to understand and transform it. It is understood as a global system of actions responding to a set of social aspirations, raising the quality of life of a society.
Social Intervention
It can be understood that the performance of Social Policy involves the execution of personal services, either from
Read More19th Century European Literature: Realism and Naturalism
19th Century European Literature: Focus on Reality
European literature of the second half of the 19th century focused on reality and its problems. This characteristic reflects the significant influence of contemporary societal shifts and changes on artistic creation.
The Rise of the Middle Class and Industrial Revolution
Throughout the 19th century, the middle class thrived due to the application of scientific advancements to industry, a period known as the Industrial Revolution. The triumph of the
Read MoreRousseau’s Critique of Civilization and the Social Contract
Rousseau (1712-1778)
The Enlightenment
Rousseau, a prominent Enlightenment figure, existed during a cultural movement emphasizing intellectualism and reason. This “Age of Enlightenment” aimed to address human issues and promote a more dignified and free life. As Kant described, the Enlightenment encouraged individuals to leave behind their “self-imposed immaturity,” reject restrictive guardians, and embrace happiness, progress, and rationality.
Philosophical Context
The Enlightenment in France was
Read MoreRealism and Naturalism (1850-1900)
Historical and Cultural Framework in Europe
Compared to the Romantic era, key changes include:
- The bourgeoisie solidified as the ruling class, shifting towards conservative positions due to their practicality and focus on reality.
- The working class struggled to improve their living conditions.
- Liberalism, both moderate and progressive, remained dominant. Revolutionary doctrines like socialism, communism, and anarchism (Marx’s Communist Manifesto: 1848) gained traction among workers.
- Positivism challenged
Textual Cohesion and Coherence: A Comprehensive Guide
Textual Cohesion and Coherence
Consistency
Consistency is the fundamental property of a text that allows it to be viewed as a communicative unit. It’s the ability to form a unitary whole where all parts work together effectively. A text is coherent when the information revolves around a central idea (topic) and aligns with the speaker’s communicative intention. This means the information doesn’t violate universal norms of human knowledge (our understanding of the world), fits the communicative situation,
Read MoreJournalistic Genres and Opinion Articles
Journalistic Genres
Informative vs. Opinion Genres
Journalistic genres channel information and offer different approaches to reality. Each genre presents a unique interpretation.
Informative Genres
- News: The prototypical informative genre, answering the basic questions: Why? Who? Where? When? How many times? According to whom? What is the background?
- Reportage: Allows a more personal style, exploring causes, environment, and impact of events through direct information gathering.
- Chronicle: A blend of