Alienation and Ideology in Marx’s Philosophy
Marx’s Historical Context
Karl Marx was born in the early nineteenth century. His thinking was influenced by several elements of his historical context.
First, the consolidation of capitalism as an economic system. This involved the separation of capital and labor, generating vast capital and a large mass of propertyless workers living in appalling conditions.
Liberalism promoted the freedom of enterprise procurement, production, and market price. The engine of the economy was to obtain capital gains
Read MoreThe State: Elements, Nature, and Development
The State
State Uses of the Word
The human being is a social being. Companies may be state-run, but also patriarchal and tribal (stateless). This signifies the emergence of the state as one form of political society, beyond the stage of natural society, which is a form of organization that political societies tend towards. There have been societies with independent political, legal, and administrative (executive, legislative, and judicial) bodies. The difference between political societies with a
Read MoreIntroduction to Scientific Research and Communication
1. What is Science?
Science is the systematic collection of knowledge constituting a branch of human knowledge (e.g., philosophy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, history).
2. What is Technology?
Technology is the application of scientific methods to satisfy human needs by transforming the environment.
3. What is Research?
Research is a systematic, organized, and objective process that aims to answer a question or hypothesis, increasing knowledge and information about an unknown subject.
4. What is Scientific
Read MoreA History of Philosophy in Contemporary Society
The History of Philosophy Today
Philosophy’s development is shaped by several conditions:
- External Conditions: Significant shifts in social and political structures, driven by 20th-century revolutions and wars, have led to a global production and consumption society.
- Tools for Thought: Disciplines like philosophy and biology offer rich levels of description and abstraction, influencing how we frame problems.
- Centers of Discussion: Universities are primary spaces for philosophical discourse.
- Autonomy
Greek Orders, Enlightened Despotism, and Capitalism: A Historical Overview
Greek Architectural Orders and Historical Periods
Doric Order (Archaic Period)
Characterized by capitals with two aconca moldings and a convex one. The fluted shaft has a collar and lacks a base.
Ionic Order (Classical Period)
Distinguished by capitals with two spiral-shaped volutes. Columns are thinner and have checkered bases.
Corinthian Order (Hellenistic Period)
Features elaborate, baroque-style capitals often adorned with acanthus leaves.
Enlightened Despotism vs. Absolute Monarchy
Enlightened despotism,
Read MoreKey Concepts in Marxist Socioeconomic Theory
Real Basis
The economic structure, or “base,” forms the foundation of society and explains other societal elements. This “real” structure shapes society, with other elements being derived consequences.
Capital
One of the three factors of modern bourgeois society. This structure comprises property, plant, or any facilities that produce goods for consumption. Capital is the element that allows for the bourgeoisie of the capitalist system. This system is characterized by the production of capital, not
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