Deliberative Democracy: Principles, Process, and Challenges
Deliberative Democracy in a Democratic Society
In a democratic society, democracy is a deliberative process. The desire to create a democratic constitution has foundations:
1. Effective group decision-making involves deliberation and participation.
2. Requirements must be justified to allow people to think about them.
3. Individuals, groups, or priorities change during deliberation, but arguments should be used without manipulation.
Deliberative democracy and authoritarian imposition are not the same.
Read MoreWorld Economic Forum, Alternative Globalization, and ICTs
World Economic Forum (Davos Forum)
The World Economic Forum, also known as Davos Forum, is a private foundation created in 1971. Its initial mission was to gather annually at Mount Davos in Switzerland the major European economic leaders. From 1991, it transformed into the summit meeting of political leaders and the world’s most powerful businesspeople. It is a major strategic center of globalization, headquartered in Geneva, and overseen by the Swiss government.
Alternative Globalization
Work, Technology, and Society: Evolution, Impact, and Ethics
The Concept of Work
The idea of work is commonplace, yet its interpretation varies widely. It can be seen as a burden or as a means of self-improvement. Work is a productive activity involving deliberate manipulation and modification of nature for subsistence. It is a constitutive and specific activity of the human condition. We often equate work with a job, which is done in exchange for a salary. However, these concepts differ. A job may or may not be productive, but it indirectly results in monetary
Read More19th Century Transformations: Industrial Revolution, Social Upheaval, and Marx’s Philosophy
19th Century Characteristics
The 19th century witnessed significant progress in science and technology, alongside major social and political upheavals. It was an era of rebellion against injustice and irrationality.
Key Changes in the 19th Century
a) Social and Economic Change
The Industrial Revolution, originating in England, introduced factories, mass production, and the capitalist economic system. This led to:
- Technological advancements: Invention of machines and use of new energy sources (steam,
Management Theories and Principles: A Comprehensive Analysis
Historical Background
Theory X suggests that people dislike work and, if possible, will avoid it. 1. People shun work.
Theory Y: suggests that physical and mental efforts devoted to work are as natural as play or rest.
Theory Z: (William Ouchi) arising during the Japanese boom of the 70s and 80s, posits a thesis inspired by Nipponization. This led to Total Quality Management (TQM), emphasizing continuous improvement as a permanent attitude.
Michael Porter deserves consideration for his Competitive Strategy
Read MoreSchumpeter’s Economic Theories: Innovation, Cycles, and Capitalism’s Future
Joseph Alois Schumpeter (1883-1950)
Born in Austria, Schumpeter was one of the most prestigious economists of the twentieth century. He combined teaching with his work as a lawyer and banker, and also held political responsibilities as finance minister. His most important works are: Theory of Economic Development and Business Cycles. Schumpeter, like Marx, perceived that economic reality is only part of total reality. In Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy, he contributed to the understanding of
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