Key Theories of International Relations Explained
Realism in International Relations
Realism is based on three basic ideas shared by all its versions:
- Statism: States are the main players in world politics, not companies or individuals.
- Survival: Every state’s number one priority, always, is to survive.
- Self-help: There is no world police, so every state can only count on itself to stay safe.
Realists also maintain a pessimistic view of human nature, inspired by thinkers such as Thucydides, Machiavelli, and Hobbes.
Classical Realism argues that the problem
Read MoreGlobal Issues and Communication: 2026 Exam Topics
Exam Oral Topics (4th Year) 2026
Cultural Globalization
Cultural globalization is the process of spreading ideas, values, traditions, and cultural products across the world. Driven by the internet, social media, and modern technology, it allows cultural trends to travel quickly from one country to another. Hollywood movies and global brands have created a shared global culture. English has become the main international language, making communication easier between different nations.
Tourism and global
Read MoreFundamental Concepts of Political Science and Systems
1. What is Comparative Politics?
Answer: Comparative politics is a branch of political science that studies and compares political systems, institutions, and processes of different countries. It helps in understanding similarities and differences between governments such as democratic, authoritarian, and socialist systems. The main objective is to identify patterns in political behavior and governance. It also examines constitutions, political parties, elections, and public policies across nations.
Read MoreKey Concepts and Organizations in International Relations
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established in 1949 as a military alliance for collective security. Headquartered in Brussels, Belgium, its core principle is that an attack on one member is considered an attack on all. NATO remains one of the world’s most powerful military alliances, dedicated to maintaining peace and security in the North Atlantic region.
Foundational Books on International Politics
Scholars have significantly shaped the study of international politics through
Read MoreLinguistic Evolution: Ebonics, Discrimination, and American English
The LSA Resolution on Ebonics
The process for the Linguistic Society of America (LSA) resolution on Ebonics was rapid. It was suggested on December 30, 1996, drafted by Rickford on January 1, 1997, and unanimously approved on January 3, 1997. The resolution:
- Affirmed the “systematic and rule-governed nature of Ebonics.”
- Pronounced Oakland’s decision to take Ebonics into account when teaching Standard English.
Later, the LSA approved resolutions opposing “English Only” legislation and endorsing language
Read MorePublic Policy and Public Administration: Core Concepts
Public Policy and Public Administration: A Relationship
(Essay Answer for 15 Marks – Simplified Method)
Introduction
Public Policy and Public Administration are closely related concepts in governance. Public Policy refers to the decisions, plans, and actions adopted by the government to solve public problems and achieve societal goals. Public Administration is the machinery that implements these policies. While public policy decides what the government should do, public administration determines
Read More