Mercantilism and Neomercantilism in Global Trade
The Evolution of Mercantilism in Political Economy
Mercantilism is a state-centric perspective of international political economy (IPE) that prioritizes national security, power, and economic sovereignty. Originating between the 15th and 19th centuries, classical mercantilism focused on generating trade surpluses through export promotion and import restriction. States aimed to accumulate wealth, particularly in the form of gold and silver, to finance military strength and ensure their dominance.
According
Read MoreNPO Management and Hong Kong Social Welfare History
Non-Profit Organization (NPO) Fundamentals
Defining NPOs and Their Characteristics
From an academic viewpoint, NPOs exhibit the following characteristics:
- Organized: Structured operations and governance.
- Private: Institutionally separate from government.
- Non-Profit Distributing: Surplus revenue is reinvested, not distributed to owners or directors.
- Self-Governing: Able to control their own activities.
- Voluntary: Relying significantly on voluntary participation and contributions.
NPO Functions and Impacts
The
Read MoreGlobal Society Dynamics: Governance, Diversity, and Progress
The Dynamics of Multiculturalism
Multiculturalism promotes the coexistence of multiple cultures, leading to greater exposure to diverse traditions, languages, cuisines, and worldviews. This societal structure brings both significant benefits and inherent challenges.
Benefits of Cultural Pluralism
- Cultural Pluralism and Social Enrichment: Multiculturalism promotes the coexistence of multiple cultures, leading to greater exposure to diverse traditions, languages, cuisines, and worldviews.
- Inclusive Society
Key Concepts in Administrative and Political Theory
Foundational Theories of Public Administration
Garcia-Pelayo on Welfare State Administration
Garcia-Pelayo understood that the welfare state administration should be its executive arm. If the welfare state aims to ensure the economic and social status quo, this must be achieved through the administration.
Furthermore, the administration must provide the maximum possible welfare, addressing individual needs that cannot be met by the individual alone.
It should also establish and maintain the law through
Read More1857 Revolt and British Policies That Shaped Modern India
1️⃣ Revolt of 1857: Causes, Nature, Course, Consequences
The Revolt of 1857 was the first large-scale challenge to British authority in India and occurred due to accumulated anger among different sections of society. Politically, British expansion through the Doctrine of Lapse, the Subsidiary Alliance, and annexation of states like Awadh created resentment among rulers, soldiers and people. Economically, peasants suffered under high taxes, artisans lost their livelihoods due to British imports,
Read MoreKautilya, Amartya Sen & Gopal Krishna Gokhale — Political Economy
Kautilya (Chanakya)
Kautilya, also known as Chanakya or Vishnugupta, was an ancient Indian polymath, philosopher, economist, jurist, and royal advisor. He served as the chief advisor to the founder of the Maurya Empire, Chandragupta Maurya (c. 375–283 BCE).
Key Work
The Arthashastra (c. 3rd century BCE).
Main Contributions
Political Science and Statecraft
The Arthashastra is a seminal text on statecraft, economic policy, and military strategy. Kautilya’s philosophy revolves around the concept of Matsyanyaya