Mental Health Disorders: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Principles

Affective Disorder Treatment Principles

Depression without Psychosis

  • I- Give Antidepressants: SSRIs (Citalopram/ Fluoxetine)
  • II- Psychotherapy
  • III- Mixed

1st line therapy is AD

If only partial response, add Lithium

Maintain: Continue therapy till the end.

If recurrence, give prophylaxis

Depression with Psychosis

  • Psychotherapy
  • Combine AD + AP
  • Olanzapine – Fluoxetine

Combination AD + AP is better

Dysthymia

  • X: SSRI, TCA, MAO
  • Psychological: Mania
  • Other X: Olanzapine/ Quetiapine/ Risperidone

Suicide: Risk Factors and

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Adolescence: Characteristics, Needs, and Intervention Strategies

This interaction aims to: increase intimacy, seek new experiences, test maturity, update with peers, and investigate the mysteries of love. Masturbation is often the first sexual experience for many adolescents. This stage is where sexual orientation manifests; attraction to the opposite sex indicates heterosexuality, while attraction to the same sex indicates homosexuality. A primary concern at this early age is the risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

Interpersonal relationships

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Learner Autonomy in Language Education: Strategies and Benefits

Why the Road to Autonomy? Is There a Dead End?

In order for students to become more conscious of their own learning, teachers should guide and raise their awareness. They need to be encouraged to consider and discover the factors which are influential in language learning. To accomplish this, teachers and students should embark on a discovery journey, in which the teacher leads learners to help them reach autonomy. Undeniably, there may not be a final destination at all, in the shape of complete

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Motivation and Emotion: Key Concepts and Theories

For hunger, which of the following best illustrates the brain principle *Day-to-day events stir biochemical agents into action”: Food deprivation (dieting) increases ghrelin.

The smell of food, the appearance of food, the time of day, and the presence of other people who are eating all contribute to and regulate the rise and fall of hunger and eating: extra-organismic mechanisms.

The negative feedback systems that regulate and lessen the experience of thirst and inhibit drinking are found in the

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Child Development: Understanding Growth, Stages, and Personality

Understanding Childhood: A Comprehensive Analysis

The concept of childhood is fundamental in understanding human development. It encompasses various stages of growth, experiences, and influences that shape a child’s physical, emotional, cognitive, and social abilities. According to the Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) syllabus, childhood is often studied within the context of developmental psychology and educational theory. Let’s break it down in detail:

Definition of Childhood

Childhood is the period

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Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods in Education

Item 10: Research in Education

Quantitative Research Methods

The striking feature of the scientific method is a positivistic, experimental approach. A hypothesis is based on a premise and an offset from that hypothesis. The steps in this method are:

  1. Intervention from problem identification.
  2. Formulation of hypotheses about why the problem exists.
  3. Theory of problem-related scenarios.
  4. Logical deductions and inductions.
  5. Verification through observation and experimentation.
  6. Confirmation or rejection of the initial
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