Psychomotor Development and Perception in Children
Psychomotor Development: Concept and Components
Concept: Evolution of the subject to perform actions and movements, as well as the mental representation and consciousness of them. It includes both external components (action) and internal components (representation).
Body Schema
Elements of the body schema include the mental representation of the body, the possibilities of movement, and spatial constraints.
Laterality
Lateral predominance in executions. Association of movement coordination and progressive
Read MoreUnderstanding Sexism, Prejudice, and Social Bias
Key Concepts in Prejudice and Discrimination
- In-group: A social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member.
- Out-group: A social group with which an individual does not identify.
- Cultural Stereotypes: Collective views of social groups.
- Social Categorization: Classifying people into groups based on similar characteristics.
- Primary Social Categories: Close-knit groups, typically small
Enculturation and Ethnocentrism: Understanding Cultural Dynamics
Enculturation and Ethnocentrism
A. Culture as a Collective and Individual Entity
Culture is a collective entity, shared and transferred. However, culture also exists uniquely within each individual, collectively forming what is understood as personality. Enculturation is the process by which individuals acquire patterns of behavior through observation and reinforcement. It should not be confused with acculturation (the process of imposing certain elements from one culture onto another). Enculturation
Read MorePhonetics and Phonology: Key Concepts
Key Concepts in Phonetics and Phonology
1) Phoneme: Trubetzkoy’s set of distinctive features are presented simultaneously in a phonetic complexity of application. For example, the phoneme /b/: consonant, bilabial, occlusive, sonorous.
2) Phonetic Oppositions: Phonetic oppositions are distinguished by a feature and do not change significantly. For example: /b/ bilabial, sound, occlusive (e.g., course) /ΙΈ/ bilabial, sound, fricative (e.g., it came yesterday) Phonological oppositions distinguish meanings,
Read MoreUnderstanding Memory and Learning Processes
Understanding Memory and Learning
Memory: Definition and Types
Definition: Memory is the psychological process that retains, stores, retrieves, and deletes data.
Both types of memory work together.
Types of Memory
- Declarative Memory: This is the ability to store information related to language (numbers, addresses, theories, etc.).
- Memory of Facts: This includes stored numbers, processes, and sense of time.
Temporal Phases of Memory
- Sensory Memory: This is the most basic type, related to environmental stimuli
Social Psychology: Key Concepts, Assumptions & Applications
Social Psychology Summary
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