Groups and Aggregates: A Sociological Perspective
Groups versus aggregates:-
Aggregates = a simple collection of people who happen to be together in a particular place but do not significantly interact or identify with one another People who might share a setting for interaction, but not actually undertake it—they might practice civil inattention *
Groups = a collection of people who regularly interact with one another on the basis of shared expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense of common identity * Wait, why isn’t this just
Read MoreSocial Constructivism and Modern Feminism: A Sociological Perspective
Social Constructivism
Everything exists become individual give them reality through social agreement: money (no value if we don’t put it) P. BERGER and T. LUCKMANN: started social constructivism in “The Social Construction of Reality”
Reality is socially constructed and therefore individuals are not completely responsible.
Individuals construct society, but society also socially construct individuals. “society: product of a human design”GENDER is socially constructed. “Women socially construct
Read MoreUnderstanding Social Psychology and Sociology
Social Psychology and Sociology
Social psychology is a branch of psychology that studies how society influences the behavior, feelings, and emotions of individuals. Sociology, on the other hand, studies how society is formed, as well as organizations, institutions, and social networks. They do this through empirical means, and usually has the purpose of understanding how groups of individuals behave.
The Basis of Sociology: the Group
Groups influence our personal and social identity. Any social interaction
Read MoreThe Magic Number 7 and Working Memory: A Comprehensive Study
George Miller 7+/- items, internal mental processes->manageable chunks
STM: Brwn/Pet Tech-material in memory>1min=forget.(remember items, back by 3s as a distractor; try recall): rehearsal improves recall!
– Ser.Pos.Effect: 1st&last in a series best, mid worst. RecEffect: last info>first info. PriEffect: first info > mid/end
– Wick: Proact.Inter (PI), used B&P but varied semantic similarity(trial 4 most PI), no PI when category of items shifted
– Atkin/Shiff Mod of Info Pro: a) similar
Read MoreMethods of Naturalistic Observation and Self-Report in Psychology
Methods
Naturalistic Observation
- Researcher collects information without the participant’s awareness
- Advantages: Researcher does not influence the participant’s behavior, so it may be more representative than if people knew they were being watched
- Disadvantages: Not everything can be observed in its natural environment, expensive
Structured Observation
- Researchers can set up a situation and observe that participant’s behavior
- Advantages: Researcher has more control of the situation and can keep most
Understanding Culture: Components and Features
Culture consists of the shared products of human groups. These products include both physical objects and beliefs, values, and behavior shared by a group. Material includes beliefs, family patterns, ideas, language, political and economic systems, rules, skills, and work practices.
Society:
Group of interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culture and feeling of unity.The Components of Culture:
Technology:
A society’s culture consists of not only physical objects,