Back Muscles: Origins, Insertions, Actions

Posted by admin on Mar 4, 2025 in Physiotherapy | 0 comments

Trapezius

• Origin:
  • Superior: Occipital protuberance, C2-C7, nuchal line.
  • Medial: T1-T4.
  • Inferior: T5-T12.
• Insertion:
  • Superior: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle.
  • Medial: Acromion process.
  • Inferior: Spine of scapula.
• Action:
  • Superior: Raises shoulders.
  • Medial: Adduction of scapula.
  • Inferior: Stabilization and depression of scapula.
• Innervation: Accessory nerve and cervical nerves.

Latissimus Dorsi

• Origin: Iliac crest, sacral crest, spinous processes of L5-T6, and ribs 10-12.
• Insertion: Inferior angle of scapula and bicipital

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Key Muscles: Origin, Insertion, Action, and Innervation

Posted by admin on Feb 19, 2025 in Physiotherapy | 0 comments

Name	Origin	Insertion	Action	Innervation
Splenius capitis	Ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T4	Mastoid process, Occipital bone	Rotates head to the same side. Extends head/neck	Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Splenius cervicis	SP T3-T6	TP C1-C3	Rotates head to the same side. Extends head/neck	Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Iliocostalis	Sacrum, ilium, lumbar vertebrae	Ribs, cervical vertebrae	Extends vertebral column; posture	Posterior rami of spinal nerves
Longissimus	Sacrum, ilium, lumbar vertebrae	Mastoid

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Cell Biology Questions and Answers

Posted by admin on Feb 13, 2025 in Physiotherapy | 0 comments

Cell Biology Questions

1. What are the 3 principal parts of a cell?
– plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

2. What are the characteristics/properties of the plasma membrane?
– fluidity, selective permeability, asymmetry

3. If you observed that a cell did not have a centrosome, what could you predict about its capacity for cell division?
– the cell probably would not be able to undergo cell division

4. You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to:
– secrete a lot of proteins

5. Regarding

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