Plato’s Philosophy: A Comprehensive Overview
Plato-Parmenides:;
give priority to CNTO.
l rations that science is against the opinion that it is sensitive. Parmenides CNTO depreciates. Sensitive while Plato gives value since obeservaciond and things of the sensible world to serve occasion of remembrance.
Platon.Pitagoricos:
importance mathematics. Argue that the cosmos has a mathematical structure and everything that goes on can be expressed mathematically. Defend the metempsychosis, queafirma doctrine of immortality and transmigration of the
Read MoreEthics: Morality, Legality, and Moral Development
The Moral
This free and open character of action makes human beings responsible for their individual actions. One reflects upon a given situation, makes a decision, and acts in accordance with it. One is the author of that action and therefore has to answer for it, and must be willing to receive recognition or admonition from oneself and others. This free character of human action is also the basis of moral character that has exclusivity and freedom.
Morality is the code of rules governing individual
Read MoreThe Discovery of Reason: From Myth to Philosophy
The Discovery of Reason
Mythical Narratives
Humans have two ways of explaining the questions that concern them: mythical narratives and rational argumentation.
Myths are fantastic stories, full of symbols and beautiful metaphors, often transmitted across generations. These narratives, whether the result of collective effort or individual authorship, feature supernatural characters, heroes, and gods who often act arbitrarily.
Myths serve a social function, maintaining cohesion within the society that
Read MoreSocial Contract Theories: Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau
The concept of social contract of Thomas Hobbes / wrote his masterpiece, Leviathan in a period of civil war in England where they discussed who should hold the sovereignty, the King or Parliament. It defines the need to create a social contract to establish peace between hombres. / Hobbes raises the figure of power, why there should be and how it should be. To answer these questions the figure of the social contract is key. If for Aristotle, the political order is a continuation of the natural order,
Read MoreEthics in Western Philosophy: A Historical Overview
Aristotelianism
Ethics
His ethics is finalist, according to his doctrine. The aim of human actions is to achieve a specific goal. This is also called eudaemonism because the order sought is that of supreme happiness.
Goods
Goods are things that humans work towards, not as a means to achieve something else, but as an end in themselves. Goods are not subjective; they do not depend on each individual, but rather, all human beings have a tendency towards them.
Happiness and Intellectual Virtues
The greatest
Read MoreMarxism vs. Hobbesianism: Contrasting Views on Society & State
Marx is a Marxist close connection to real life.
On the one hand, reduces the idealistic theories and utopian aspirations of socialism to real and concrete limits imposed by the analysis of the new industrial society.
Marx waiver to pure philosophy (theory) to study the economic situation philosophically, in order to transform it through political action. On these bases, Marxism provides the concept of pure philosophy, not considered either as a theoretical speculation, nor as a moral practice, but