Proof of God’s Existence: 5 Rational Demonstrations
Proof of God’s Existence
The Problem of Demonstration
We might think that God can be directly perceptible by reason, the way we see truths like “triangles have three sides.” Saint Thomas calls these propositions self-evident. In them, the predicate is included in the subject because the essence of its objects is the property referred to in the proposition. They are also evident to us when we see them as real with just understanding the concept subject.
If the existence of God is included in its essence,
Read MoreNietzsche’s Philosophy: Nihilism and Value Transmutation
Nihilism in Nietzsche’s Philosophy
Nihilism, as conceived by Nietzsche, is a multifaceted concept:
Nihilism as a Sign of Vital Decline
Nietzsche posits that any culture believing in an absolute reality is inherently nihilistic. Christianity, by focusing on God as the ultimate reality and negating the natural world, exemplifies this. Such a culture, fixated on a non-existent “higher” realm, neglects the tangible reality of life and the senses. In Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Nietzsche uses the metaphor of
Read MoreDescartes’ Philosophy: Reality, Cogito, and Society
Reality
Methodical Doubt
One must doubt everything that is not based on clear and distinct ideas, everything that does not obviously present itself to the natural light of reason. Methodical doubt is required by the final method of not accepting as true anything that might have the slightest hint of falsity. Descartes’s doubt is not skeptical; it is a question that seeks to lay the foundation for all knowledge that intends to pass as true in the future.
Descartes will doubt anything that does not submit
Read MoreAristotle’s Metaphysics: Understanding First Principles
Aristotle (4th century BC) was born in Stagira, not Athens. Although a disciple of Plato, he developed an opposing theory. He was a teacher of Alexander the Great. Reflection did not begin with Aristotle’s metaphysics; it was born with reasoning. It seeks to know why.
Understanding Metaphysics
Metaphysics, also called First Philosophy (the first name given to it), examines the first causes and senses. Later, it was called metaphysics since it goes beyond physics, beyond nature. Primitive people responded
Read MorePioneering Figures and the Scientific Method
Galileo Galilei
Galileo was undoubtedly one of the greatest scientists of the scientific revolution. He was the first person to study the sky with a telescope. He discovered craters and mountains on the Moon. He also found the moons that orbited Jupiter. He was also interested in how falling objects behaved, so he studied mechanics. Galileo also conducted experiments, wrote theories, and made observations. Along with all his achievements, he even invented the thermometer.
Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton
Read MoreRational vs. Pre-Rational Explanations of Reality
Know the Rational
Animals have an instinctive behavior that is innate. Instincts allow them to meet all their needs. Therefore, it is a practical and concrete knowledge.
Human beings have been branded as rational animals. Reason, imagination, and language give a considerable margin of freedom to be open to different possibilities for action. Humans need to understand and interpret the environment; they need to know.
The Pre-Rational Explanation: Magic and Myth
The first explanation is the irrational:
Read More