Plato’s Theory of Ideas: Sensible and Intelligible Worlds
The Intelligible World
Plato’s theory of ideas posits the existence of two distinct realms:
- The Sensible World (SW): This is the world of our ordinary experience, perceived through the senses. It consists of a series of changing things and qualities, imperfect as they are born and die. In the Myth of the Cave, this realm is represented by the shadows on the cave wall.
- The Intelligible World (IW): This realm consists of perfect, permanent, universal, and unique realities, not subject to birth and
Mythological Thought to Philosophy: Ancient Period
The Transition from Mythological Thought to Philosophy
Myth is the first attempt to explain what surrounds us, from natural processes to social, political, moral, and religious aspects. Overall, mythical thinking has the following features:
- Using people or legendary figures: In myth, the forces of nature are personified as deities (anthropomorphism).
- Fantastic stories: While myths reflect a process of observation of nature, the explanations used are not substantiated or verifiable laws, but rather
Hume and Empiricism: A Shift in Modern Philosophy
Hume and the Rise of British Empiricism
David Hume, like Immanuel Kant, is considered a key figure in modern philosophy, although he belongs to the 18th century, specifically to the Enlightenment. Hume represents a significant philosophical current of the modern age called British Empiricism, a trend opposed to Rationalism. While these two schools of thought have opposing viewpoints, they share some common ground, such as subjectivism.
Descartes and the Foundation of Modern Philosophy
René Descartes,
Read MoreNursing’s Role in Combating Violence Against Women in Spain
Violence Against Women: A Global Human Rights Violation
“Violence against women is perhaps the most shameful human rights violation, which knows no boundaries of geography, culture, or wealth. And, while it continues, we cannot really say that there has been progress towards equality, development, and peace.” These words, borrowed from former Secretary-General of the United Nations Organization (UN) Kofi Annan, initiate this article. It aims to provide society with professional nursing training to
Read MoreKey Differences Between Philosophy, Science, and Myth
Philosophy and Myth
Philosophy and myth differ in that philosophy employs argumentative and non-narrative discourse. Philosophy draws conclusions from logical reasoning, while mythical stories have a narrative structure.
Philosophy and Science
Philosophy and science differ in that science asks questions about concrete reality, and philosophy asks questions regarding general concepts. In science, answers rely on observation and experimentation, while in philosophy, answers are derived from arguments.
Read MoreNietzsche’s Critique of Truth, Morality, and Values
Nietzsche’s Critique of Truth and Knowledge
The classical conception of truth claims that the world possesses an inherent structure and objective truth. This view suggests that the truth of a proposition lies in its correspondence with reality. Truth, therefore, is independent of being known and exists within a fixed order that human knowledge can only reproduce.
Nietzsche rejects this conception. For him, there is no singular truth but rather multiple interpretations, some more life-affirming than
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