Medical Laboratory Technologist: Roles, Ethics & Safety
Role of a Medical Laboratory Technologist (MLT)
A Medical Laboratory Technologist (MLT) plays a vital role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases by performing laboratory investigations accurately and efficiently.
Major Roles and Functions
Sample Collection and Handling
- Collects blood, urine, stool, and other body fluids using aseptic techniques.
- Proper labeling, storage, and transportation of samples to avoid errors.
Performance of Laboratory Tests
- Performs biochemical, hematological,
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Safety, Methods and Equipment
Safety Measures in a Clinical Microbiology Laboratory
A clinical microbiology laboratory deals with potentially infectious materials; therefore, strict safety measures are essential to prevent laboratory-acquired infections.
Personal Safety Measures
- Wear appropriate personal protective equipment: laboratory coat, gloves, and masks must be worn at all times.
- Footwear: closed footwear is compulsory.
- Hand hygiene: wash hands before and after laboratory work.
- Hair and jewelry: long hair should be tied back;
Phytochemical Analysis: Alkaloids, Oils, and Glycosides
Phytochemical Classes and Tests
Alkaloids
- Definition: Nitrogen-containing compounds, often basic, found in plants.
- Classification: Based on structure (e.g., pyrrolidine, quinoline) or source (e.g., opium, Cinchona alkaloids).
- Chemical Tests: Dragendorff’s reagent, Mayer’s reagent.
Volatile Oils
- Definition: Odorous, volatile compounds in plants (e.g., essential oils).
- Classification: Terpenes, aldehydes, esters, etc.
- Chemical Test: Stain test with Sudan III yields a reddish stain.
Tannins
- Definition: Polyphenolic
Preformulation Studies: Physicochemical Properties and Stability
Preformulation: Physicochemical and Chemical Properties
Preformulation is the study of physical and chemical properties of a drug substance before developing it into a dosage form. It helps to understand drug behavior during formulation.
Goals and Objectives
- To develop a stable, safe, and effective dosage form.
- To determine physicochemical properties of the drug substance.
- To evaluate bioavailability, solubility, and stability parameters.
- To establish drug–excipient compatibility.
- To aid in selecting
Endoscope Cleaning, Disinfection & Sterilization
Endoscope Cleaning, Disinfection & Sterilization
WHO definition and initial care
WHO defined elimination as cleaning by scrubbing and washing with soap and hot water or detergent. Adequate apparatus (for example, d. ox.) must be used. To take care, devices should be carefully cleaned immediately after their use to avoid residues sticking; thorough cleaning improves subsequent disinfection.
Limpieza Manual
Limpieza manual: El personal debe usar medidas de protección personal para evitar riesgos
Read MoreEssential Concepts & Formulas in Physical Chemistry & Physics
Fundamental Principles & Equations in Science
Quantum Mechanics & Atomic Structure
Einstein’s Mass-Energy Equivalence
Binding Energy: E = mc² (Joules)
Magnetic Moment
μ = eh / (2m)
de Broglie Wavelength
λ = h / (mv)
Photon Energy & Frequency
Energy: E = hν
Frequency: ν = c / λ (Hertz)
Rydberg Formula (Wavenumber)
Wavenumber: ṽ = R_H (1/n₁² – 1/n₂²)
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
The product of the uncertainty in a particle’s momentum (Δp) and its position (Δx) is greater than or