Topographic Surveying: Methods and Techniques
Direct and Reverse Intersection in Topographic Surveying
In surveying, points B2 and B1 perform a visual on points we aim to survey, and then on the next point on the itinerary, B3. We continue this way until the final point in the case of a framed route, or the point of departure in the case of a closed traverse. A section is the distance between two vertices of the itinerary. A section is not considered the distance between the base and references.
Direct Intersection: This consists of determining
Read MoreSustainable Development: Environmental Policies and Social Justice
The Debate on Sustainable Development and Environmental Policies
A New Stage of Conflict: Similarities and Differences in the Debate on Sustainable Development
The paradigm called “sustainable development” starts from a doubly problematic situation:
- The worsening of global-scale environmental problems and the awareness that there are limits imposed by “environmental compatibility.”
- The intensification of social imbalances between North and South.
The concept of “Sustainable Development” will create a
Read MoreClassroom Management and Educational Principles
Organizational Interaction Decisions in Education
What are the decisions of “organizational interaction”? What issues should be considered?
The teacher-group must establish the conditions for space and material development of the task (meeting) so that the educational process is carried out under the best conditions for participation and security. Keep in mind:
- Administrative issues: Listings of the students (attendance and participation), pupils released, with other functions, etc.
- Facilities and equipment:
Understanding Map Scales, Contours, UTM Coordinates, Orthophotos, and GPS
Understanding Map Scales and Contours
Scale refers to the relationship between distances on a map and the corresponding distances on the actual terrain. Contours are defined as imaginary lines on a map that join points of equal elevation. The height difference between each contour line is called equidistance and varies depending on the map’s scale.
Key Properties of Contour Lines
Contour lines have several properties that are important to consider when interpreting a map:
- Every contour line closes on
Project Planning and Execution: A Results-Based Approach
Understanding the Logic of Intervention
Effective project planning hinges on a clear understanding of the desired outcomes and the steps required to achieve them. This involves:
- Identifying a goal that contributes to the specific objective of the project.
- Defining expected results that will help meet that goal.
- Planning activities that will produce those results.
- Calculating the resources needed for these activities.
- Addressing preconditions necessary for success.
Intervention occurs during the execution
Read MoreRetail Linear: Definition, Functions, and Analysis
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Definition and Functions of Linear
The linear can be defined as all the space in a retail outlet for the exhibition of products.
Linear functions are:
- Attracting the attention of the customer, with the placement of articles, furniture, combination of sizes, designs, and colors of products and advertising.
- Offer the product, without barriers or obstacles.
- Facilitate the selection (choose the easiest way).
- Cause the act of purchase: Motivate customer purchase action is given by the atmosphere and