The American Political System: Key Terms and Concepts
Constituent
An individual residing within a specific geographical area represented by an elected official.
Logrolling
The practice of legislators exchanging votes to ensure the passage of bills that hold particular importance to each other.
Oversight
Congress’s constitutional duty to supervise the executive branch, ensuring the faithful execution of laws and proper allocation of funds.
Patronage
The act of granting favors, awarding contracts, or making appointments to government positions in exchange for
Procedural Law: A Comprehensive Guide
BOBBIN 1: Procedural Law
Previous Notions of Procedural Law
Status: The legal organization of people within a given territory. It fulfills three functions:
- Determination of the legal system by establishing rules to regulate relations between individuals.
- Maintenance of this order when altered.
- Meeting the needs of safety, welfare, and general culture for all.
The state fulfills its judicial functions in three ways:
- The organization of justice.
- Determining the jurisdiction of the courts.
- Establishing the
Public and Private Security: Collaboration or Privatization?
Privatization of Public Security
I start from two fundamental constitutional precepts:
- Art. 149.1.29 CE: Distribution of powers between states and regions. Confers exclusive jurisdiction on state private security.
- Art. 104 CE: The mission assigned to the FCS (as state and local CAAC). The mission is primarily the protection of fundamental rights and freedom and the protection of public safety.
Increasingly, the private security sector is growing, not only in volume but also in the areas involved.
Therefore,
Read MoreUnderstanding Taxes and Tributes: A Comprehensive Guide
Tributes
Overall tax means that mandatory provision of the state-required under state power and that enables it to meet their needs and fulfill their duties.
The tribute is a generic term because it encompasses various tax burdens such as:
- Taxes: Are those paid by a taxpayer without necessarily receiving immediate consideration whatsoever.
- Taxes: Are paid on mandatory and which should be received at least theoretically. Example: In the coastal sea vineyard is funded in part with a contribution that
Understanding Your Rights: A Guide to the First Five Amendments
The First Amendment: Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.”
Freedom of Religion
The First Amendment contains two provisions regarding religion: the Establishment Clause (government cannot establish an official
Read MoreDel Río Prada Case: European Court of Human Rights Ruling on Retroactive Sentence Extension
CASE DEL RÍO PRADA
a) CONTEXT
Inés Del Río Prada is a Spanish terrorist, a member of ETA’s terrorist organization, who was arrested and imprisoned in 1987 for various terrorist attacks.
The Audiencia Nacional fixed the maximum term to be served by the applicant in respect of all her prison sentences combined at thirty years (Limit provided in the 1973 Criminal Code).
On 24 April 2008, taking into account the 3,282 days’ remission to which she was entitled for the work she had done since 1987,
Read More