Spanish Literature: Modernism and the Generation of ’98
Unit 4: Modernism and the Generation of ’98
Spain’s Socioeconomic and Political Context
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Spain was largely rural, with abundant labor and low wages, leading to social conflicts and rural exodus. Industry was underdeveloped, relying on foreign resources and investment. The political system was plagued by corruption, exacerbated by the country’s socioeconomic backwardness. The Disaster of 1898, marked by Spain’s defeat by the United States, resulted in the
Read More19th Century Realism in Spain: A Historical and Cultural Overview
Unit 3: Realism
Historical and Cultural Context
In the latter half of the nineteenth century, the most advanced countries saw the consolidation of the capitalist production system. This led to significant social and political changes, including the expansion of domestic markets, the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, and the second industrial revolution. These developments fueled both capitalism and the labor movement, giving rise to socialist and anarchist organizations in the final decades
Read MorePoetic Evolution of Miguel Hernández
His Work: Production and Poetic Evolution
Stages of His Poetry
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Let’s set the poetry of Miguel Hernandez path following a chronological point of view:
1930-1931: Youth Work. First steps in literature. Is your stage of training in which exercises in metric and popular styles, and cults. It has a romantic inspiration Becquerian linking modern resonance.
1932: Madrid and neogongorina Stage. Practice the ideal of purity in a cultured and hermetic poetry. The external world, nature and everyday life,
Read MoreThe House of the Spirits: A Family Saga
Magical Realism
Magical realism blends reality with fantastical elements, often reflecting the cultural and historical context of Latin America. Authors like Gabriel García Márquez, influenced by European avant-garde movements, portray the marvelous as ordinary, embedding magical occurrences within realistic narratives without explanation.
The Evolution of Hispanic American Narrative
The 20th century witnessed a flourishing of the Latin American novel, evolving through three distinct phases. Initially
Read More20th Century Spanish Theater to 1939
Introduction
In Spain, the development of theater is channeled by the social conditioning of its representation. The bourgeois public was not interested in social problems, and without these viewers, playwrights had no money to produce their work. Hence, producers sought concessions to what the public wanted.
The result was the impoverishment of Spanish theater. It became an unchanging theater, which turned its back on less conformist renewal movements. However, some authors tried to break that trend,
Read MoreSpanish Narrative Before 1936: Trends, Authors, and Works
Spanish Narrative Before 1936
1. Historical and Social Context
The crisis of Alfonso XII’s monarchy stemmed from social conflicts and political inefficiency. Primo de Rivera’s dictatorship restored order, but the Republican party’s 1931 electoral triumph ushered in a reformist Second Republic. The Civil War, between Republicans and Nationalist right-wing forces, began with Franco’s rebellion and ended with Nationalist victory and Republican exile.
2. Narrative of ’98: Aesthetic Renewal
A new narrative
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