Hospitality and Tourism Archives - Student Notes

Mastering Reported Speech: Rules, Changes & Examples

Posted by admin on Apr 16, 2025 in Hospitality and Tourism | 0 comments

Reported Speech: A Comprehensive Breakdown

Reported Speech (also known as indirect speech) involves conveying what someone else said, but without using their exact words. This requires certain grammatical adjustments.

Key Changes in Reported Speech

The basic structure is often: subject + verb + that + subject…

Verb Tense Changes:

Present Simple → Past Simple
Present Continuous → Past Continuous
Present Perfect → Past Perfect
Past Simple → Past Perfect
Past Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous
Past

English Irregular Verbs & Key Grammar Rules

Posted by admin on Apr 4, 2025 in Hospitality and Tourism | 0 comments

English Irregular Verbs List (Spanish Translations)

Infinitive	Past Simple	Past Participle	Spanish Translation
beat	beat	beaten	golpear
become	became	become	convertirse en
begin	began	begun	empezar
bend	bent	bent	doblar(se)
bet	bet	bet	apostar
bid	bid	bid	pujar
bind	bound	bound	encuadernar
bite	bit	bitten	morder
bleed	bled	bled	sangrar
blow	blew	blown	soplar
break	broke	broken	romper
breed	bred	bred	criar
bring	brought	brought	traer
build	built	built	construir
burn	burnt / burned	burnt / burned	quemar(se)
burst	burst	burst	estallar
buy	bought	bought	comprar
cast	cast	cast	tirar
catch	caught	caught	coger
choose	chose	chosen	elegir
cling	clung	clung	aferrarse
come	came	come	venir
cost	cost	cost	costar
creep	crept	crept	arrastrar
cut	cut	cut	cortar
deal	dealt	dealt	tratar
dig	dug	dug	cavar
do	did	done	hacer
draw	drew	drawn	dibujar
dream	dreamt

Mastering English Conditionals: Zero, First, Second, Third

Posted by admin on Apr 3, 2025 in Hospitality and Tourism | 0 comments

English Conditional Sentences: Zero, First, Second, Third

Understanding conditional sentences is crucial for mastering English grammar. This document outlines the structure of the four main types of conditionals: zero, first, second, and third.

Conditional Forms Explained

Each conditional type serves a different purpose and uses a specific grammatical structure. The tables below illustrate the structure of each conditional.

Zero Conditional

Used for general truths and facts.

	IF	Condition	Result
Zero Conditional	if	present

Rice, Lasagna, and Egg Culinary Techniques

Posted by admin on Mar 30, 2025 in Hospitality and Tourism | 0 comments

Rice Dishes

White Rice

Rice boiled in salt water, then cooled and drained. The water quantity should be 4 times more than the rice. Cooking water should gush and be removed when water resumes boiling. Continue boiling, then cool for 20 minutes away from the heat. Drain afterwards.

Dry Rice

The cooking liquid should be absorbed by the end of the cooking process. There are three types:

Pilaf: Pre-soaked rice, fried, and cooked in a flavored broth.
Risotto: Round-grain rice soaked with butter, with hot cooking

Expand Your Vocabulary: Advanced Words and Phrases

Posted by admin on Mar 25, 2025 in Hospitality and Tourism | 0 comments

Advanced Vocabulary and Grammar

Synonyms for Common Words

Here are some synonyms to enhance your vocabulary:

Angry: Furious
Bad: Awful
Cold: Freezing
Hot: Boiling
Dirty: Filthy
Hungry: Starving
Crowded: Packed
Good: Wonderful, Fantastic
Scared: Terrified
Tired: Exhausted
Big: Huge, Enormous
Small: Tiny
Funny: Hilarious
Clean: Spotless
Clever: Brilliant
Interesting: Fascinating
Large: Enormous
Long: Endless
Old: Ancient
Pretty: Gorgeous
Sad: Miserable
Strange: Bizarre
Surprising: Astounding
Tasty: Delicious
Ugly: Hideous

Essential

Understanding Verb Forms: A Comprehensive List