Spain in the 19th Century: Bourbon Restoration, Industrial Capitalism, and European Migration
The Bourbon Restoration (1874-1902)
The Canovist System
The new monarchy adopted the Canovist system, a political system created by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo. It established a system that allowed political parties to alternate in power and promised political and social stability. One of the first objectives was the pacification of Spain. This put an end to the Carlist war in 1876, and in 1878, the Pact of Zanjon ended the Cuban Ten Years’ War. To guarantee stability in the new regime, the Constitution
Read MoreThe British Empire: History, Colonization, and Decline
Q2.1 Great Britain – Past and Present: Character of a Nation
1. Great Britain – Tradition & Change
1.1: The British Empire
Motives:
- Trade + economics to increase wealth (monopoly on trade with Asia – British East India Company)
- Adventure politics (to prevent other countries from becoming too powerful)
- Religion (to spread Christianity)
Brief Overview of the History of Colonization:
- First British Empire: (1583 – 1783)
- Related to the North American continent (Caribbean, America)
- Second Empire: (after
Spanish Civil Code: History, Structure, and Reforms
ITEM 2: CODE OF CIVIL LAW
1. Codification and Collection
The 18th century marked a historic moment highlighting the need to collect and organize legal rules. It became necessary to bring order to the sources of law, leading to a movement towards organization and simplification through codification. This movement sought to unify all legal matters under a single body of law, aiming for territorial unification and reform of the Spanish legal system, as some rules had become obsolete.
The historical roots
Read MoreThe Age of Enlightenment and Revolution: Science, Society, and the Birth of Modernity
The Scientific Revolution
During the 18th century, Europe underwent a profound transformation in its worldview, particularly among the upper and middle classes. This shift, known as the Scientific Revolution, saw a move away from religious and theological explanations towards a more secular and scientific understanding of the world.
Causes of the Scientific Revolution
- Medieval university philosophy, once intertwined with theology, began to break away, allowing science to emerge as a distinct field
Major Events of the Cold War: A Timeline
EVENT | WHEN? | WHERE? | WHAT HAPPENED? WHY? | PARTICIPANTS | HOW DID IT FINISH? | SIGNIFICANCE |
Greek Civil War | 1946-1949 | Greece | The USA and Great Britain wanted to support the Greek government against the communist insurgents that wanted power. | Communists (supported by the Soviet alliance, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Albania) vs. Greek Anti-Communists (supported by the USA and Great Britain) | It ended with a victory for Greek Anti-Communists. The country was devastated and there were many deaths. |
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From Camp David to Oslo: A History of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Camp David Accords and the Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty
The election of Jimmy Carter in 1976 initiated a new approach to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Carter abandoned Nixon’s strategy of limited agreements and decided to seek a comprehensive accord to be negotiated at an international conference. The PLO, however, would not openly accept Resolution 242 unless the Palestinians’ right to a state was acknowledged beforehand. However, Israel and Egypt did sign an agreement on September 17, 1978, that
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