Spanish Monarchy: From Philip III to the Bourbons
Spanish Monarchy: From Philip III to the Bourbons
The Reign of Philip III and the Duke of Lerma (1598-1621)
Philip III, son and successor of Philip II, lacked political ambition, preferring leisure. His reign saw the rise of the Duke of Lerma, a favorite who effectively acted as prime minister. Lerma’s influence led to the relocation of the court to Valladolid in 1600, only to return to Madrid six years later. This period also marked a departure from the warmongering of the previous century, leading
Read MoreAncient Rome: History, Architecture, and Society
Ancient Rome: A Historical Overview
Monarchy (753-509 BC)
This period is characterized by the mythical foundation of Rome by Romulus and Remus, who were suckled by a wolf. The Romans of the classical period knew it was a legend but liked to recall that myth. On the Palatine Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, Romulus drew a plow around the city limits. Although it remains a myth, sometimes there is some truth camouflaged in these stories because archaeologists have found remains of huts built in
Read MoreThe Spanish Civil War: A Concise Overview
The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
Portugal’s Role
Portugal, under the leadership of António de Oliveira Salazar, provided less overt support to the Nationalist faction compared to the fascist Salazar-Legion volunteers (Viriato). However, Portugal did permit the passage of supplies intended for Nationalist forces through its border.
Stages of the War
The Spanish Civil War unfolded in several stages, with the Nationalist military predominantly holding the offensive:
1. The “War of Columns” (July-November
Read MoreThe Rise and Fall of Juan Manuel de Rosas
First Government (1829-1832)
Juan Manuel de Rosas was proclaimed governor of Buenos Aires on December 8, 1829, under the title of “Restorer of the Laws and Institutions.” This act granted him extraordinary powers, a practice previously used with governors Sarratea and Rodriguez in 1820 and Viamonte in recent years. While not entirely democratic, it wasn’t exceptional.
The Civil War and the Federal Pact
Amidst the backdrop of the civil war, Rosas sent a commission to mediate between Paz and Quiroga,
Read MoreBernardino Rivadavia
Early Life and Career
Bernardino Rivadavia (Buenos Aires, May 20, 1780 – Cadiz, September 2, 1845) was a prominent politician in the United Provinces of Río de la Plata, now Argentina. He served as President of the United Provinces of Río de la Plata from February 8, 1826, to July 7, 1827.
Educated at the Royal College of San Carlos, Rivadavia entered public life in 1811 as Secretary of War for the First Triumvirate. He played a significant role in the repression of the Mutiny of the Braids and
Read MoreBritish Invasions of the Río de la Plata: A Catalyst for Argentine Independence
Revolutions for independence: a divided America
American Revolutions |
Author: Felipe Pigna. |
Long before the French Revolution broke out in America. In North America, in 1776 the colonists rebelled against British rule, and South American Indians tried to end the abuses of the Spanish conquistadors. How was the picture of the thirteen colonies in the last quarter of the 18th century? The thirteen colonies did not offer a consistent picture from the economic and social perspectives. The southern colonies |