Cold War: US-USSR Bipolar System and Key Conflicts
The Bipolar System of the Cold War
The United States and the USSR based their leadership potential on their huge economic, demographic, and technological capabilities and tried to impose their interests and ideology on the world. The two superpowers brought their spheres of influence into most countries of the world and set themselves up as arbiters of international politics.
Western Bloc
Under the leadership of the U.S., this bloc included Western Europe, parts of South America, Australia, Japan,
Read MoreSpanish Restoration & 1898 Crisis: 1875-1902
Oligarchy and Despotism: Politics in Spain, 1875-1902
The Restoration Period
This period is set in the epoch during which Maria Cristina was regent until Alfonso XIII, her son, could rule in 1902. The Restoration period saw a bipartisan government, with the Conservative Party under Cánovas and the Liberal Party under Sagasta taking turns in power.
Colonial Wars and the Crisis of 1898
Between 1875 and 1881, Cánovas pushed forward his project of military pacification in the northern peninsula with the
Read MoreSpanish Political Evolution: Autonomy and the PSOE Era (1982-1996)
State of Autonomy
Title VIII of the 1978 Constitution regulated the decentralization of certain powers of the state and the creation of Autonomous Communities. All Autonomous Communities have:
- A statute approved by the courts, including the name, territorial delimitation, symbols, institutions, and powers assumed.
- Institutions:
- An autonomous Parliament, elected by universal suffrage, that makes the autonomous laws.
- A government consisting of a Chairman and Councilors.
- A Superior Court of Justice.
- Competencies
Spain’s Transformation: Early 20th Century Politics
Spain in the Early 20th Century: A Time of Change
The first third of the twentieth century was marked by the transfer of economic hegemony from Great Britain to the United States. This created a profound transformation and technological energy that spread through industrialized economies. The Spanish economy grew, and Spain made some progress. However, this growth was halted by the Civil War and the Franco regime, leading to economic stagnation.
Despite the growth, in 1930, Spain still had a primarily
Read MoreColonial Expansion and Spain’s Monarchy: 1875-1923
Featuring the World in the 19th Century
In the 19th century, vast tracts of territories in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific were conquered and occupied by other nations. This process was initiated by Britain and France, but since 1870, interest increased. Africa was an object of special interest, and the gradual advance of colonization resulted in a growing clash of interests. Only the ownership of the coast gave the right to colonize the interior. The navigation of the rivers Niger and Congo was free.
Read MoreWorld War I: From Trench Warfare to Global Conflict
From Trench Warfare to the Globalization of Conflict
The French managed to stabilize the defensive front, which stretched from the Swiss border to the North Sea. The German army was more substantial, defeating Russian troops. Trench warfare, also known as position warfare, was long and hard and became the symbol of the First World War. In the Battle of Verdun, the Germans started with the aim of breaking the Allied front, but the French soldiers endured attacks from German troops without dropping
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