Republican Zone: Revolution, Collapse, and Governments
The Republican Zone and the Revolution
The Collapse of the Republican State
To prevent the uprising, the Republican government had to organize a military force. It decided to deliver arms to the militias of the parties and trade unions. State power suffered a crash and was replaced by revolutionary organizations. Councils, committees, and juntas emerged. These united to form Regional Councils. The establishment of the Central Committee of Antifascist Militias was also important.
The Outbreak of the
Read MoreGothic Architecture: Key Features and Elements
Key Features of Gothic Architecture
1. Constructive Elements
a) Arches
The defining arch of Gothic architecture is the pointed arch. While the pointed arch is most common, the fifteenth century saw the use of ogee arches, elliptical arches, and segmental arches.
b) Load-Bearing Structures
The primary load-bearing structure is the pillar, to which ribs are attached. These are referred to as pillar ribs.
c) Vaults
Gothic vaults are typically ribbed vaults, consisting of ribs and infill. Ribbed vaults allow
Read MoreSpain’s Transition: From Dictatorship to Democracy
End of the Franco Dictatorship
The final years of Franco’s dictatorship were marked by the dictator’s declining health, uncertainty about the regime’s future, and intense repression, even more violent than in previous eras. The economic development of the 1960s had also generated social and cultural changes that contradicted the ultraconservative dictatorship, highlighting the need for political change in Spain.
The Arias Navarro Government
In December 1973, Arias Navarro formed a government that
Read MoreAnalysis of Father-Son Conflict in ‘My Son the Fanatic’
‘My Son the Fanatic’: A Story of Conflict and Identity
‘My Son the Fanatic’ is a short story by Hanif Kureishi, first published in The New Yorker in 1994. It tells the story of the conflict between Parvez, an Asian (Pakistani) father, and his son, Ali. ‘My Son the Fanatic’ analyzes the father-son relationship. Hanif Kureishi claims that he wrote the story “to understand what it is to be a son, what it is to be a father.”
In the late 20th century, multiculturalism caused problems in various Western
Read MoreFrench Revolution: Key Stages and European Restoration
The French Revolution: A Timeline of Key Events
1. Estates-General to National Constituent Assembly (1789)
France faced a political, social, and economic crisis due to the absolute monarchy, the unequal estate system, and poor harvests leading to increased bread prices. The French state was in dire financial straits. In 1789, Louis XVI convened the Estates-General. The Third Estate, representing 96% of the population, was granted as many delegates as the nobility and clergy combined.
National Constituent
Read MoreSpanish History: From Monarchy to Modern Democracy
In the name of the King, sovereignty rested only in the King and the Cortes, and there were limited rights and liberties for the citizens.
- The Twentieth Century: The Republic, Constitution of 1931, and Dictatorship
The last years of the nineteenth century and the first of the twentieth century are characterized by an important and profound national crisis in many areas. 1898 is one of the worst years in the history of Spain, as it lost its last overseas colonies: the Philippines and Cuba. The latter
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