Energy Classification and Natural Production Factors
Energy Classification and Resources
Energy can be classified as primary, secondary, or final energy resources. Primary energy or energy resources are those obtained directly from nature. These are categorized into renewable and non-renewable sources.
Primary Energy Sources
Renewable Energy
Renewable energy sources contain inexhaustible resources. However, they are often not directly applicable to production processes and must be transformed into secondary energy. Examples include:
- Hydro
- Solar
- Wind
- Biomass
- Geothermal
- Tidal
Non-
Read MoreSedimentary Rocks: Detrital, Organic & Chemical Types
Detrital (Mechanical) Origin
Detrital or mechanical origin: mineral particles formed by the mechanical disintegration of other rocks. These particles are transported by agents such as water and accumulate as sand, gravel, blocks, ash and other clastic material.
Sandstone
Sandstone: an intermediate clastic rock formed from mechanically derived granules. It consists of consolidated masses of sand held together by a cement. Sandstone is essentially composed of quartz sand.
Cement (Matrix)
Cement: the material
Read MoreLithological Domains and Geological Formations in Spain
Lithological Domains of Spain
In Spain, four lithological domains are recognized: Siliceous, limestone, clay, and volcanic.
The Clay Domain
In this area, the predominant rocks are clays, marls, and gypsum. It extends through Tertiary depressions and Mediterranean coastal plains. In semiarid areas devoid of vegetation, water streams generate gullies, ravines, or fissures that form vertical walls. Extensive plains formed by the alteration of soft and hard materials give rise to forms of modeling that
Read MoreGeography Fundamentals: Physical and Atmospheric Concepts
Physical vs Human Geography
Physical Geography focuses on natural systems & processes (weather, climate, landforms). Human Geography focuses on culture, population, and cities.
Atmospheric Structure
- Pressure & density decrease with height.
- Temperature pattern by layer:
- Troposphere: $\downarrow$
- Stratosphere: $\uparrow$
- Mesosphere: $\downarrow$
- Thermosphere: $\uparrow$
- Inversion: Temperature increases with height in a layer.
- Temperature $\uparrow$ means molecules move faster.
Maps & Coordinates
- Global
Geothermal Energy: Sources, Fields and Practical Uses
Geothermal Energy: Heat Within the Earth
Geothermal energy is the heat energy stored within the Earth. This heat originates mainly from:
- Residual heat from the Earth’s formation
- Heat generated by radioactive decay of elements like uranium, thorium, and potassium
Geothermal energy can be harnessed for electricity generation, space heating, industrial processes, and direct heating applications. It is considered a renewable, reliable, and environmentally friendly energy source.
2. Nature of Geothermal
Read MoreGujarat Energy Growth and Conventional Power Analysis
Energy Demand and Growth in Gujarat
1. Explain about energy demand and growth level in Gujarat state.
Energy Demand and Growth Level in Gujarat
- Present Demand
- Gujarat is one of the most industrialized states of India, accounting for about 10% of the country’s total energy demand.
- Electricity demand is high due to industries (petrochemicals, refineries, ports, textiles, manufacturing), agriculture (irrigation pumps), and urban domestic needs.
- Current installed power capacity (2024–25): about 47 GW.