Industrial Transformation: From Early Crafts to Modern Factories

Pre-Industrial Society & Economy

Early Farming Life (90% Population)

  • Men: plowing, tilling, sowing, harvesting
  • Women: childcare, cooking, planting, making clothing
  • Children: scared birds away, worked with wood, did household tasks
  • Tiny villages: fewer than 100 people, self-sufficient communities

Technology & Organization in Early Farming

  • Shared tools and draft teams
  • Fields divided into strips (some fallow)
  • Grew food for subsistence, not surplus
  • Raised cattle, pigs, goats
  • Salted meat to preserve it
  • Wolves
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Global Economic Transformation: The Second Industrial Revolution

The Development of Large-Scale Capitalism (1870-1914)

From 1870 onwards, Europe, the USA, and Japan experienced a strong development of economic activity. This period is often referred to as Big Business or the Second Phase of the Industrial Revolution.

Key Factors of Industrial Capitalism

Industrial capitalism significantly contributed to economic growth through several key factors:

  • New Sources of Funding

    Large amounts of money were required for the installation and renovation of factories. This capital

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Environmental Adaptation and World Biome Classification

The Concept of Adaptation: Environmental Adjustments

Adaptation refers to the characteristics of organisms that have evolved through natural selection during their evolutionary past. These adaptations result in an adjustment to environmental characteristics, allowing the body to thrive within a specific range of conditions.

Evolutionary Convergence

This is the process by which two organisms from different evolutionary lineages develop similar forms or behaviors. For example:

  • Convergent Structures: Structures
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Spain’s Economic Landscape: Industry, Regions, and Finance

Industrial Production and Construction in Spain

Spain’s entry into the European Union significantly opened its industry to foreign markets, leading to a substantial increase in the importance of imports and exports. This integration also brought about changes in the business structure. Access to the EU facilitated entry into a process of trade globalization, diminishing the state’s importance due to new export opportunities offered by the opening in the European and global markets.

Regarding the business

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Urban Geography and Demographics Glossary

Conurbation

A large city formed by several municipalities, one central and others peripheral.

A set of independent towns and cities that grow spatially and eventually coalesce to form an urban continuum.

Metropolitan Area

A highly urbanized area that includes a central city and its surrounding peripheral zone, which may include other contiguous satellite municipalities.

Peri-Urban Area

The area immediately adjacent to cities, characterized by a mixture of rural and urban uses, and home to a growing proportion

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Argentina’s Cattle Industry Evolution: From Wild Herds to Global Exports

Early Cattle Introduction in Argentina

After the 16th century, the first cattle were introduced to our country. There are two main assumptions regarding their origin:

  • Seven cows and a bull arrived from Brazil.
  • They came from the Peruvian highlands.

Wild Herds and Early Exploitation

Free-roaming animals thrived. The vast meadows and favorable climate were ideal for wild cattle, which multiplied into the thousands. By 1600, the first vaquerías (cattle roundups) were organized. These operations involved

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