English Vocabulary and Reported Speech Rules
English Vocabulary Equivalents
- To achieve = lograr / conseguir / ganar
- Foolish = tonto / estúpido
- Tricky = complicado / difícil
- Weak ≠ Strong = débil ≠ fuerte
- Consistent ≠ Constant = coherente ≠ constante
- To broadcast = To air = emitir / transmitir
- To strengthen = Make / become stronger = fortalecer / hacerse más fuerte
- To emphasise = To highlight = enfatizar / resaltar
- To reinforce / support = Bolster = reforzar / apoyar
- To depend on = Rely on = depender de / confiar en
- To focus on = Centered
Understanding Key Themes in Classic Literature
4
The Portrait of a Lady
Long Answer – The Character of the Grandmother / Relationship / Theme of Changes
Khushwant Singh’s “The Portrait of a Lady” presents a touching and realistic portrait of the narrator’s grandmother, who is shown as a deeply religious, kind-hearted, and disciplined woman. She is described as an old, short, slightly bent lady whose face is marked with countless wrinkles, making the narrator feel that she had always been the same age. Her white clothes, rosary, and constant
Read MoreEnglish Grammar and Vocabulary Reference Sheet
English Grammar and Vocabulary Reference
Verb Tenses Summary
- Present Simple: Don’t/Doesn’t + base verb (e.g., *work/works*). Questions: Do/Does?
- Past Simple: Didn’t + base verb; Verb + -ed/-irregular (e.g., *worked/went*). Question: Did?
- Future Simple: I will work / won’t + base verb. Question: Will? + subject + base verb (e.g., *Will you work?*).
- Present Continuous: I am/is/are + verb-ing. Negative: I’m not/isn’t/aren’t + verb-ing. Question: Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?
- Past Continuous: I was/were
PAU English Exam Solutions 2024-2026: Reading and Grammar Practice
PAU Exams 2024-2025: Model Test
Breath Meditation: Relieving Stress Effectively
1. True, False, or Not Given
Only experienced…breathing. → False: “Paying attention to your breath is a form of “entry level” meditation that anyone can do.”
Listening to music while practicing breathing exercises is becoming very popular. Not Given.
The practice of mindfulness requires…opinions. → True: “Mindfulness simply means the practice of purposely focusing your attention on the present moment—and accepting
Victor Frankenstein’s Tragic Journey: Plot Summary and Critique
Summary of *Frankenstein*
Victor Frankenstein’s Early Life and Creation
During his childhood, Victor was a happy child living with his tolerant parents, his cousin Elizabeth (to whom he was engaged), and his two brothers. His best friend was Henry Clerval. His great passion was natural science.
After his mother’s death, Frankenstein studied these sciences at the University of Ingolstadt. That’s where he creates a living being out of nothing. When he sees the monster he created, Victor falls ill but
Read MoreCommon English Grammar Mistakes and Fixes
1. Vocabulary Practice
English Words & Phrases
- Prevent crimes
- Be damaged
- Fatal
- Manure heap
- Disgusted
- Auction
- Pain
- Chatterbox
- Reliable
Spanish Words
- Pujar
- Universidad
- Gratificar
- Objetivo
- Cosas
- Personal
2. Conjunctions of Purpose
- Not to
- So that
- In order to
3. Using Connectors in Sentences
- Despite having a huge advertising campaign, their product failed to sell.
- The film was quite boring. Furthermore, it was too long.
- The climb was extremely difficult; nevertheless, we managed to reach the top.
- People find it hard to learn