Medical Glossary: Definitions and Symptoms
Bias:
a statistical sampling or testing error caused by systematically favoring some outcomes over others
Bind:
To stick together
Breathlessness:
a lack or shortage of breath.
Celiac disease:
caused by allergic reaction in the intestine to Gluten.
Cephalosporin:
a type of antibiotic used for penicillin-resistant bacteria.
Clubbing:
thickening, usually at ends of fingers.
Dizziness:
vertigo, a feeling of being unstable, about to fall.
Dullness:
a dead sound heard when the chest is tapped.
Dura:
one of the membranes
Read MoreWhy species is called the basic unit of systematic biology
- DNA= A self-replicating material that is a carrier of genetic information for most organisms
- Chromosome= A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell.
A chromosome is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes. Each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. - Gene= The basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child. Genes are made up of sequences of DNA and are arranged, one after another, at specific locations on chromosomes in the nucleus of cells.
- Allele= each of two or more alternative
Evolutionary Theories and Evidence: From Redi to Lamarck
Redi’s Experiment
Redi placed pieces of the same type of meat in three jars. He left open the first jar, covered the second with fabric, and closed the third with cork. After a few days, maggots were found in the first two jars, but not the third.
Pasteur’s Experiment
Pasteur placed meat soup in two flasks with an S-shaped neck. After sterilizing the liquid, he observed decomposition in one flask. Cutting the neck of the other flask led to decomposition. Conclusion: S-shaped neck prevented microorganisms
Read MoreIntroduction to Biology: Branches, Levels, and Characteristics of Living Things
Introduction to Biology
Biology is the science dedicated to the study of living things and phenomena related to life in all its aspects. Aristotle was the creator of biology. The theory of spontaneous generation explains asexual reproduction, and he studied and described more than 500 species of animals. Michael Christoph Hanov was the first person who used the term biology for the first time.
Branches of Biology
- Bacteriology: studies of bacteria
- Zoology: studies animals
- Botany: studies plants
- Mycology:
RNAi and ER Stress: Molecular Mechanisms and Biological Implications
(RNAi)highly evolutionally conserved process of post-transcriptional
gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA), when introduced into a cell, causes sequence-specific degradation of homogolous mRNA sequences.
causes sequence-specific degradation of homogolous mRNA sequences.
Dicer: RNAse III enzyme
siRNA: 21-23 nt short interfering RNA
RISC: RNA-inducing silencing complex
Argonaute(Ago) protein is one of the main components in RISC. Ago cleaves and discards the passenger (sense) strand of the
Read MoreEukaryotic Cells: Structure, Organelles, and Cell Division
Eukaryotic Cells
Originated after prokaryotic cells. They are more complex and with some advantages over prokaryotic cells. Cytoplasm with organelles: structures that perform different functions. Genetic material is in the nucleus, where it is protected and provides better stability for cells. They have a cytoskeleton: a microscopic network of protein filaments and microtubules. Maintain the cell’s shape and internal organization. Helps cells move.
Organelles
Are membranous structures found in the
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