Human Body Systems
Nervous System
1. Duties
- Sensory: Receptors detect stimuli and send them to the CNS.
- Integration: CNS processes information and makes decisions.
- Motor: Decisions from the CNS are sent as a response.
2. Nerve Impulse
A signal is transmitted from one neuron to another. It enters through the dendrites, travels along the axon, and ends at the axon terminal. Neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine) are released to communicate with the subsequent neuron.
Neuromuscular Junction: Connection between a neuron and
Read MoreHuman Anatomy and Physiology: Nervous, Muscular, Skeletal, and Respiratory Systems
Nervous System
Functions
- Sensory: Receptors detect stimuli and send signals to the CNS.
- Integration: The CNS processes information and makes decisions.
- Motor: Decisions from the CNS are responded to.
Nerve Impulse
A signal is transmitted along a neuron. It enters through dendrites, travels along the axon, and reaches the axon terminal. Neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine) are released at the synapse to communicate with the next neuron.
Neuromuscular Junction
The connection point between a motor neuron
Read MoreAmino Acids and Protein Classification: Structure, Function, and Types
Amino Acids: The Building Blocks of Proteins
Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. They are composed of an amine group (-NH₂), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a distinctive side chain (R group) attached to a central carbon atom (α-carbon). The nature of the R group determines the characteristics and classification of each amino acid.
General Structure of Amino Acids:
The general structure of an amino acid can be represented as:
H
NH₂—C—COOH
Human Biology: The Senses of Sight, Hearing, and Equilibrium
Sense of Sight
Vision is arguably one of the most important senses, as it provides us with the most information about our surroundings.
The structures related to vision are:
- Accessory Structures
- Eyeball
- Optic Nerve
- Brain
Accessory Structures
Eyelids
The upper and lower eyelids cover the eyes during sleep, protect them from excessive light and foreign matter, and spread lubricating secretions over the eyeballs.
Eyelashes and Eyebrows
Eyelashes arise from the edge of each eyelid and are composed of numerous
Read MorePharmacology Basics
Bioavailability refers to the extent a substance or drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s).
The main function of progesterone is to prepare the endometrium (lining of the uterus) for a fertilized egg to implant and grow.
Agonist: A chemical substance that binds to and activates certain receptors on cells, causing a biological response.
Antagonist: A chemical substance that binds to and blocks the activation of certain receptors on cells, preventing a biological
Read MoreClassification of Environmental Hazards in the Workplace
Classification of Environmental Hazards
According to the way they interact with people, environmental hazards are classified as:
1. Chemical Hazards
These are represented by substances or chemicals that may be present in the workplace, depending on the production processes.
From the perspective of occupational hygiene, we can find them as gases or vapors and aerosols.
Causes of major diseases: asbestosis, systemic poisoning caused by the inhalation of dust or contact with organic chemical substances;
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