Newborn Assessment and Intrapartum Management
Module 1: Newborn Assessment
APGAR – 5 Components
- Colour
- HR
- Reflexes
- Muscle Tone
- Respirations
Reported
- 1 minute
- 5 minutes
- (and) 5-minute intervals until 20 minutes – unless SCORE < 7
Physical Assessment
- Cardio-Respiratory System
- Head and Neck
- Abdomen and Pelvis
- Musculoskeletal System
- Neurological System
Module 1: Physiological Birth Management
Labour (define): sequential pattern involving painful regular uterine contractions stimulating progressive dilation of the cervix with the descent of the fetus through vaginal
Read MorePlant Transpiration: Process, Importance, and Factors
Plant Transpiration
Plant transpiration is the process of water evaporation from plants. Water is the most abundant substance in plant tissues. However, the aerial parts of plants have poor water economy: only a small portion (1-2%) of the total water entering the roots is retained for photosynthesis. The remaining 98-99% is lost as vapor through transpiration.
Importance of Transpiration
Transpiration is not just a risk to plant life; it’s crucial for several functions:
- Drives water and nutrient transport
Bacterial Diseases of Tomato and Strawberry
Pseudomonas syringae in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)
Pseudomonas syringae is a phytopathogenic bacterial species known as fluorescent because it produces yellow-green fluorescent pigments when grown in a nutrient medium with low iron content. This bacterium has a high capacity to spread. It is strictly aerobic, gram-negative, rod-shaped, and moves using a polar flagellum. P. syringae infection is characterized by the presence of necrotic spots surrounded by a chlorotic halo on the leaflets
Read MoreGenomes and Their Applications
Genomes explain why everyone has different combinations of traits passed down from their ancestors.
Cell Theory
Cells are the basic unit of life for all living things, and cells only arise from other cells. All cells contain a plasma membrane and cytoplasm. Many eukaryotic cells are 16 mm in diameter. The biggest cells are ostrich eggs. Cells come in different sizes, shapes, and types.
Multicellular Organisms
Cells are organized into tissues. Tissues are organized into organs. All cells in an organism
Read MoreOral Histology and Embryology Review
Myoepithelial Cells
1. They are derived from mesenchymal cells.
Saliva Production and Characteristics
2. Parasympathetic action produces a denser saliva.
Enamel Organ
3. The matrix is composed of proteins, glycoproteins, and collagen.
Oral Mucosa Keratinization
4. Merkel cells are located in the middle strata.
Minor Salivary Glands
5. The ducts are abundant.
Dental Pulp
6. Adult pulps contain large quantities of fat.
Cementum Composition
7. The matrix is composed of collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and amorphous
Read MoreIntroduction to Biotechnology and Its Applications
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the application of technology to biological processes and systems, particularly in agriculture, pharmacy, food science, forestry, and medicine. It involves using biological agents in industrial manufacturing and employing living organisms or their derivatives to obtain valuable products.
Examples of Biotechnology Compounds: antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, alcohol, drugs.
5 Examples of Biotechnology Applications:
- Human Biotechnology (e.g., using antibiotics)
- Plant Biotechnology