Biomechanics and Neural Control of Human Locomotion
Biomechanics of Walking and Running
Walking involves movements where the body alternates movements on opposite sides.
Description of the Action of Walking
Walking consists of two major phases:
- Stance Phase: One or two legs are on the ground, providing support.
- Swing Phase (Balance): One leg is off the ground, moving forward.
Transition from Walking to Running
The transition from walking to running occurs involuntarily, usually at a consistent speed determined by leg length, approximately 2.5 m/s.
There
Read MoreSoftware Engineering: SDLC, SRS, and Project Estimation
1. Software Requirements Engineering and SRS
Definition: Requirements Engineering (RE) is the systematic process of eliciting, analyzing, specifying, validating, and managing software requirements.
Software Requirements Specification (SRS): A formal document stating what the system shall do (functional requirements) and the constraints or quality expectations (non-functional requirements).
The RE Process Model
Stakeholders → Elicitation → Analysis/Negotiation → Specification (SRS) → Validation
Read Moreघर्षण बल की उत्पत्ति और नियम
प्रश्न १. घर्षण बल की उत्पत्ति के कारण का अर्थ स्पष्ट कीजिए।
Answer: घर्षण बल उत्पन्न होने का मुख्य कारण प्रत्येक पिण्ड की सतह पर कुछ उठान तथा खाँचों (ridges and grooves) का होना है, चाहे सतह कितनी भी चिकनी क्यों
Foundations of Economic Theory and Global Systems
The Fundamentals of Economics
Economics is often called the “Queen of Social Sciences” because it touches almost every aspect of human life. At its core, it is the study of how people manage scarcity—the fact that we have unlimited wants but limited resources.
Meaning of Economics
Economics is derived from the Greek word Oikonomia, which means “household management.”
- Modern Definition: It is a social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
- The Problem
Spanish Business Law: Legal Hierarchy and Corporate Structures
Legal Hierarchy and Normative Framework
The legal framework in Spain is structured hierarchically:
- Primary Legislation (EU): EU Treaties.
- Secondary Legislation (EU): EU Directives, Regulations, and Decisions.
- National Level: Spanish Constitution (Article 38 establishes freedom of enterprise), Organic Laws (fundamental rights), Ordinary Laws (general topics), and Royal Decrees/Legislative Decrees (National Regulations/bylaws).
- Regional Level: Catalonian Estatut d’Autonomia, Catalonian Laws, and Regulations.
Dopamine Reset: Building Focus for Deep Work and Freedom
Dopamine Reprogramming Scheme (v1.0)
Goal: Turn cheap dopamine craving into a drive for deep work, purpose, and long-term freedom.
Core Principle: Effort equals Reward
Mindset Block: Core Beliefs
| Concept | Core Belief |
|---|---|
| Identity | “I create dopamine through progress, not consumption.” |
| Effort Loop | Effort → Progress → Dopamine → Motivation (Repeat) |
| Boredom | Training ground for focus, not pain to escape. |
| Stimulation Rule | Intentional is superior to Impulsive. |
| Purpose | Link every action to a vision (freedom, mastery, |
Compiler Design: Analysis and Synthesis Phases
Compiler Phases: Analysis, Optimization, and Synthesis
A compiler translates a high-level program (like C or Java) into machine code understood by the hardware.
The compilation process is divided into multiple phases, each with a specific role. These phases work together to convert source code into an efficient executable program.
The phases are generally grouped into:
- Front End – Analysis Phases
- Middle End – Optimization Phase
- Back End – Synthesis Phases
Below is the complete flow:
Source Program
Read MoreDigital Marketing Strategies and SEO Fundamentals
The Digital Marketing Landscape
The digital marketing landscape refers to the complete ecosystem of online platforms, tools, channels, and strategies used by businesses to promote their products and services digitally. It shows how different digital marketing components work together to reach, engage, and convert customers.
Key Components of the Digital Marketing Landscape
- Websites and Landing Pages: Websites act as the foundation of digital marketing, providing information, generating leads, and enabling
Robotic Process Automation and Data Extraction Principles
Basic Recording vs. Desktop Recording
| Feature | Basic Recording | Desktop Recording |
|---|---|---|
| What it captures | Audio and video of the real environment. | Activities on the computer screen. |
| Devices used | Microphone, camera, and mobile devices. | Computer screen, microphone, and webcam. |
| Complexity | Simple. | More advanced. |
| Files | Smaller file sizes. | Larger file sizes. |
| Uses | Lectures, voice notes, and simple videos. | Tutorials, demos, and presentations. |
Introduction to Recording
- Recording refers to the process of capturing audio, video, or on-
Essential Anatomical Movements and Body Parts Terminology
Anatomical Body Movements and Kinesiology Terms
- Flexion (Flexió): Decreasing the angle between two body parts. Example: bending the elbow.
- Extension (Extensió): Increasing the angle between two body parts. Example: straightening the elbow.
- Hyperextension (Hiperextensió): Extension beyond the neutral position.
- Abduction (Abducció): Moving a limb away from the midline of the body. Example: raising the arm sideways.
- Adduction (Adducció): Moving a limb toward the midline of the body.
- Medial (Internal)