Pakistan’s 1973 Constitution: Features & Significance
Introduction
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan was adopted on April 12, 1973. This Constitution fully represents the ideology and democratic aspirations of the people of Pakistan. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land and is considered an instrument by which a government can be run. It replaces the basic laws of the state and defines the attributes of both the federal and provincial governments. The Constitution is federal-cum-parliamentary in its characteristics and is based on the principle
Read MoreJudicial Appointments in Pakistan: Commission & Process
Judicial Commission of Pakistan
The Judicial Commission of Pakistan (JCP) is a crucial body responsible for the appointment of Supreme Court and High Court Judges in Pakistan. The Chief Justice of Pakistan serves as the Chairman of the Judicial Commission of Pakistan.
Basis of the Judicial Commission
On April 20, 2010, the 18th Constitutional Amendment was passed in the Parliament of Pakistan. In pursuance of this landmark amendment, the Judicial Commission was proposed and subsequently established
Read MorePakistan’s Core: Ideology, Geography, and Demographics
Understanding Pakistan’s Foundations
Defining Ideology: Scholarly Perspectives
Ideology is a fundamental concept. It refers to a collection of ideas, beliefs, and values that show how people think and act within a society or a nation. According to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: “The ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas, i.e., the class which is the ruling material force of society is at the same time its ruling intellectual force.”
Sources of Pakistan’s Ideology
Pakistan’s
Read MoreDecolonization of Asia and Africa: A Comparative Study
Decolonization of Asia and Africa
Great Britain, Holland, and France were the three most important colonial powers in Asia. The independence of the colonies had peculiar features in each case.
Decolonization in Asia
British Colonies
In Great Britain, the process was relatively peaceful. India achieved its independence in 1947, but at the expense of the separation of Pakistan (a country with a predominantly Muslim population). It was followed by Burma and Ceylon (now called Sri Lanka) in 1948, and Malaysia
Read MoreDecolonization, Conflicts, and Dictatorships: 1970-2001
Factors Influencing Decolonization
- Weakening of metropolitan areas.
- Right to self-determination.
- Criticism of colonialism by the Socialist International.
- Independence promised in exchange for help during wars.
- Support for independence from the U.S. and USSR.
- UN position on colonies.
- Desire to avoid another war.
Asia: Conflicts and Political Changes
India and Pakistan
Confrontation between India and Pakistan over Kashmir.
Korea
Attempts to unify the two Koreas; armistice and economic cooperation.
Indonesia
Emergence
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