Mexico’s Radio Spectrum: Allocation, Uses, and IFT Regulations
Role of Mexico’s Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT)
The Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT) manages and allocates the radio spectrum for commercial, social, public, and private uses in Mexico.
Primary Purposes of Reserved Spectrum in Mexico
Reserved spectrum is set aside for future or strategic uses, such as government projects or emergency services.
Managing Commercial Spectrum Licenses in Mexico
Commercial spectrum licenses are updated annually, with concessions granted to commercial
Read MoreVisual Communication: Models, Color Psychology, and Semiotics
Communication Models
Aristotle: Speaker → Message → Listener
Lasswell: Communication + Message + Medium + Audience = Impact
Shannon & Weaver: Information Source → Transmitter → Channel (Noise) → Receiver → Destination
Schramm’s: Encoder/Interpreter/Decoder → Message → D/I/E → Message…
Berlo’s: Source → (E) Message → Channel → (D) Receiver
Proposed: Sender; /\ Life Experience; Message; Noise; X Life Experience; Receiver, Amplified, Accepted; Rejected
Theoretical Foundation:
Read MoreComputer Hardware: Binary, Bus Speed, Memory, and More
Binary to Decimal Conversion
Binary/Decimal:
- List the powers of 2 from right to left, starting with #1. Increment the exponent by 1 for each power. Stop when the amount of elements in the list is equal to the amount of digits in the binary number.
- Only if the digit is a 1, write down its corresponding power of 2.
- Finally, add all the numbers to get the answer.
Bus Speed and Width
Bus Speed: The number of bits or bytes that the bus sends in a unit of time (a second is the most common). For example, a 100
Read MoreUnderstanding Electronic Components: Resistors, Capacitors, and More
Electronic Components
Understanding Electricity: Voltage, Current, Power, and Resistance
Voltage is the potential difference between two points in an electric circuit and the force required to push electrons in a circuit, measured in volts. Current is the flow of electric charge through a circuit, measured in amperes. Power is the rate at which energy is transferred, measured in watts. Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms. Ohm’s law states that the current
Read MoreNetwork Configuration: Cancun, Huatulco, Acapulco, Los Cabos
Network Configuration: Cancun, Huatulco, Acapulco, and Los Cabos
Cancun Router Configuration
CancunR0>enable R0#configure terminal R0(config)#hostname Cancun Cancun(config)#enable secret nat Cancun(config)#line vty 0 4 Cancun(config-line)#password nat Cancun(config)#login Cancun(config)#exit Cancun(config)#line console 0 Cancun(config-line)#password toledo Cancun(config-line)#login Cancun(config-line)#exit Cancun(config)#banner motd "Natalia Guzman Toledo" Cancun(config)#interface se0/0/0 Cancun(Read More
Thermodynamics: Systems, Equilibrium, Laws, and Processes
Thermodynamic Systems
A thermodynamic system is a specific portion of matter with a definite boundary on which our attention is focused. The system boundary may be real or imaginary, fixed or deformable.
There are three types of systems:
- Isolated System – An isolated system cannot exchange energy and mass with its surroundings. The universe is considered an isolated system.
- Closed System – Across the boundary of the closed system, the transfer of energy takes place, but the transfer of mass doesn’t