Spanish Grammar and Vocabulary for Housing

Spanish Complements

C. Predicativo: Complementa al verbo y al sujeto, acompaña a un verbo predicativo “normalmente es un adj”/ llegó mareado CRV: Verbo lo exige con sintagma preposicional/  el gerente confía (en tu capacidad de decisión) C. Medida Argumental: Argumento de los verbos durar, medir, pesar C. Locativo Argumental: Argumento de los verbos vivir, residir CD: Sobre la que recae la función del verbo. Para hallar el complemento directo le tengo que preguntar al verbo ¿qué? o ¿a

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English Grammar Review: Tenses, Conditionals, Reported Speech & Vocabulary

Unit 1: Present Perfect Simple

Form

Have/has + past participle

Uses

  • Action that started in the past and continues to the present: e.g., We have been friends since July.
  • Action that happened at an indefinite time in the past and is relevant to the present: e.g., We have stayed in this hotel.

Time Expressions

never, ever, already, just, yet, recently, lately, in recent years, for, since, How long…?

Past Perfect Simple

Form

Had + past participle

Use

Action that took place before a specific time in the past:

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Mastering Reported Speech: A Comprehensive Guide with Examples

Reported Speech: Statements, Questions, and Commands

A) Reported Statements

  1. He told her mother that he was going away the next day.
  2. She said that nothing grew in her garden because it never got any sun.
  3. They said that they had a lift but very often it didn’t work.
  4. He said that from one of the windows of his flat he could see the Eiffel Tower.
  5. He said that the boys had been collecting money for charity organizations.
  6. The builders explained that they liked working on Saturdays because they got double pay.
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English Grammar Guide: Tenses, Clauses, and More

English Grammar Guide

Tenses

TenseFormUses
Present Simple• S + V
• S + don’t/doesn’t + V
• Do/does + S + V?
• Facts and states.
• Habits and repeated actions.
• Static verbs.
• Scheduled future events.
Present Continuous• S + am/is/are + Ving
• S + am not/isn’t/aren’t + Ving
• Am/Is/Are + S + Ving?
• Actions in progress at the moment.
• Temporary situations.
• Plans or events planned for the future.
Present Perfect Simple• S + has/have + V3
• S + hasn’t/haven’t + V3
• Has/
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Travel Guide: Tips and Information for Your Next Trip

Weather and Best Times to Travel

Popular Destinations

Chicago in May: What’s the weather like?

Moscow: July and August are the warmest months, making them the best time to visit.

California: A popular vacation destination, especially San Diego, which has gained popularity among British tourists.

Spain: Toledo, the former capital of a Spanish empire, is a must-see town with numerous historical monuments, castles, and fortresses.

Environmental Concerns

Environmental activists caution against overreliance

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Nonfiction Text Features and Reading Strategies

1. Bold Print

Darker writing that helps the reader identify important words.

2. Glossary

A mini-dictionary found in the back of nonfiction books or articles.

3. Photograph

Helps the reader understand exactly what something looks like.

4. Table of Contents

Helps the reader find key topics in the nonfiction book they are reading.

5. Nonfiction

The genre of text about real people, animals, places, or things.

6. Caption

Gives the reader more information about the picture or photograph.

7. Index

An alphabetical list

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