Software Engineering Fundamentals: Maintenance, Architecture, and SDLC
Software Maintenance and Evolution
Four Types of Software Maintenance
There are four primary types of software maintenance:
- Corrective: Focuses on fixing errors or bugs in the software (e.g., patching a login failure).
- Adaptive: Involves updating the software to accommodate changes in the environment (e.g., upgrading compatibility for a new operating system).
- Perfective: Enhances the system’s performance or user experience (e.g., optimizing database queries for faster results).
- Preventive: Aims to prevent
Selenium WebDriver Architecture and Core Concepts
Selenium WebDriver Core Components
- Selenium IDE: A record-and-playback tool for automating browsers.
- Selenium WebDriver: The core tool for automating web applications.
- Selenium Grid: Allows running tests on multiple machines simultaneously.
Understanding the WebDriver Hierarchy
Java Interfaces and the WebDriver Structure
In Java, an Interface acts as a blueprint containing abstract methods, default methods, and static variables.
- WebDriver Interface: Initially designed as a core Java interface.
- WebDriver
Software Engineering Fundamentals: Estimation, Design, Risk, and Quality Assurance
Software Project Estimation and Decomposition
Decomposition Techniques in Estimation
Software project estimation is similar to problem solving. When the problem to be solved is too complex in software engineering, we decompose the given problem into a set of smaller problems.
The decomposition can be done using two approaches:
- Decomposition of the problem (e.g., breaking down features).
- Decomposition of the process (e.g., breaking down tasks).
Estimation uses one or both forms of decomposition (partitioning)
Read MoreEssential Concepts in Software Development and Management
What is a Product Backlog?
The product backlog is a prioritized list of tasks, features, and requirements that need to be completed for a project, typically in Agile development. It is managed by the product owner and evolves over time as new requirements emerge.
Two Key Characteristics of Software
- Intangibility: Unlike physical products, software cannot be touched or seen physically.
- Maintainability: Software can be modified and updated to fix defects or enhance functionality.
Common Software Development
Read MoreSystem Development Methodology Selection Criteria
Six Criteria for Selecting a System Development Methodology
Clarity of User Requirements
When user requirements for what the system should do are unclear, it is difficult to understand them by talking about them and explaining them with written reports. Users normally need to interact with technology to truly understand what the new system can do and how to best apply it to their needs. Prototyping and throwaway prototyping-based RAD methodologies are usually more appropriate when user requirements
Read MoreSoftware Quality Fundamentals: SDLC, Testing Types, QA/QC Insights
Verification vs. Validation in Software Quality
Understanding the distinction between verification and validation is crucial for effective software quality assurance. Here’s a breakdown of their key differences:
- Verification: Checks whether the product is built right.
- Validation: Checks whether the right product is built.
- Verification: Ensures the software meets specifications.
- Validation: Ensures the software meets user needs.
- Verification: A static process (no code execution).
- Validation: A dynamic process