Software Design Principles and Coding Best Practices
Software Design and Coding Best Practices for Developers
1. Basic Principles of Software Design
Basic principles of software design help create software that is simple, maintainable, and easy to understand. The major principles are:
- Abstraction – Show only important details and hide unnecessary information. It helps reduce complexity.
- Modularity – Break the system into small modules so each module handles one purpose.
- Information Hiding – Keep internal details of a module hidden to protect data
Software Engineering Concepts, SDLC Phases and Models
1. Define Software Engineering and Why It Is Needed (5 Marks)
Definition
Software Engineering is the systematic, disciplined, and quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software. It applies engineering principles to produce reliable, efficient, and high-quality software.
Why It Is Needed
- Increasing complexity: Modern software is large and complex. Software engineering ensures proper structure and manageable development.
- Quality assurance: Ensures software is reliable,
Software Engineering Processes and Requirements Modeling
Generic Software Framework and Process Flows
A generic software framework consists of five core framework activities: communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. These are supported by umbrella activities, including project tracking and controlling, risk management, quality assurance, and technical reviews.
The process flow describes how these activities are organized. Common flows include:
- Linear flow: Sequential execution of activities.
- Iterative process flow: Repeating activities
Software Engineering: SDLC, SRS, and Project Estimation
1. Software Requirements Engineering and SRS
Definition: Requirements Engineering (RE) is the systematic process of eliciting, analyzing, specifying, validating, and managing software requirements.
Software Requirements Specification (SRS): A formal document stating what the system shall do (functional requirements) and the constraints or quality expectations (non-functional requirements).
The RE Process Model
Stakeholders → Elicitation → Analysis/Negotiation → Specification (SRS) → Validation
Read MoreWebsite Setup: Settings, Themes, Plugins, and E-commerce Integration
Website Configuration and Core Settings
Essential Site Settings Breakdown
This section covers fundamental administrative and display settings for your website:
- General: Basic site information (title, tagline), admin email, timezone, date/time formats.
- Writing: Default post category, format, email publishing, update services.
- Reading: Homepage display (posts or static page), blog post display limits, syndication feeds.
- Discussion: Comment settings (moderation, notifications, avatars).
- Media: Image sizes
Software Engineering Process Models and Concepts Summary
Q1: Generic Process Model Phases
- Communication – Elicit & analyze requirements, make SRS.
- Planning – Feasibility, estimates, schedule, risk plan.
- Modeling/Design – Architecture + detailed design (UML, DB).
- Construction – Coding + unit testing.
- Integration & Testing – Integration, system, acceptance tests.
- Deployment – Install, configure, data migration, training.
- Maintenance – Corrective, adaptive, perfective, preventive.
Agile & Cost of Change
Short iterations, customer in loop,
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