Understanding Groups, Sexuality, Deviance, and Stratification
Chapter 5: Groups and Organizations
Difference Between Group and Crowd
People in groups interact constantly, whereas in a crowd, they might not necessarily interact.
Difference Between Primary and Secondary Groups
A primary group is a close-knit group, such as family. A secondary group is a larger, more impersonal group, such as co-workers.
Instrumental and Expressive Leadership Roles
- Instrumental: Task-oriented
- Expressive: People-oriented
Authoritarian, Democratic, and Laissez-Faire Leadership Styles
- Authoritarian:
Race: Social Construct vs. Biological Determinant
Is the Biological Understanding of Race Still Relevant?
Race as a biological category has not completely disappeared, even though the science behind it has been debunked. Some Trump supporters and elements in the far-right spectrum of politics still believe some races are inherently predisposed to commit violent and criminal acts. Also, some organizations and so-called philosophers push pseudo-theories to justify racial disparities when it comes to economic well-being.
Are the Problems Associated
Read MoreSociological Perspectives: Gender, Race, Class, and Environment
Gender
- Social roles
- Interactions: Heterosexual relationships
- Goffman: Always on stage
- Bathroom: Unequal access
- Career: Role expectations
- Women as “open persons”
- Women’s jobs
- Double consciousness
- Doing the self through gender
- Deviance when behaving differently
- West & Zimmerman (Doing Gender): Quote emergent / Differences between girls and boys / Gender display / Gender accountability
- Mitchell Duneier & Harvey Molotch: Street people harassment / Civil inattention
- Thorne & Luria: Preadolescent
Marx’s Capital: Analysis of Capitalism and Communism
Capital: Marx’s Most Important Work
Capital, the most important work of Marx, begins with an analysis of the merchandise. This has a double value: use value and exchange value. The use value of merchandise is based on the quality of the commodity through which it fills a need rather than another. The exchange value of goods is the amount of socially necessary labor to produce it. The exchange of goods is not so much a relationship between things as a relationship between men. Work (labor force) is
Read MoreDiversity Competency: Understanding Cultural Differences
What is Diversity Competency?
Diversity Competency is possessing the cultural knowledge and understanding to serve diverse communities effectively.
Four Host-Ideologies
- Multiculturalism Ideology: Recognizes and supports people of diversity in maintaining or promoting their diversity, provided that their practices do not clash with the laws of the nation.
- Civic Ideology: Subscribes to the multiculturalism ideology principles but does not support state funding to maintain and promote ethno-cultural diversity.
Sociology, CSR, and Management Theories
Sociology and Society
Sociology is the study of human social relationships and groups. It describes the laws that govern social phenomena. A society is a set of individuals who share the same culture, customs, and rules of legal organization.
Stakeholders
Internal: employees, managers, owners, workers.
External: suppliers, communities, government (tax), competitors, shareholders, customers.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
CSR involves integrating social, economic, and environmental factors into
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